TheGraveyardSchoolreferstoaschoolofpoetsofthe18thce
turywhosepoemsaremostlydevotedtoase
time
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08Roma
ticism浪漫主义
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aturalbeauty3i
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erallyregardedasthethoughtthatdesig
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ageofpoetryWhichprevailedi
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gla
dfrom1798to1837themajorroma
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cludewordsworthByro
shelley
09Byro
icHero拜伦式英雄
Bro
icheroreferstoaproudmysteriousrebelfigureof
obleorigi
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icalruleseitheri
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exhaustiblee
ergies3Byro
’schiefco
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glishliteratureishiscreatio
ofthe“Byro
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10CriticalRealism批判现实主义
CriticalRealismisatermappliedtotherealisticfictio
i
thelate19tha
dearly20thce
turies2Itmea
sthte
de
cyofwritersa
di
tellectualsi
theperiodbetwee
1875a
d1920toapplythemethodsofrealisticfictio
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dtheexami
atio
ofsocialissues3Realistwriterswereallco
cer
edaboutthefateofthecommo
peoplea
ddescribedwhatwasfaithfultoreality4charlesDicke
sisthemostimporta
tcriticalrealist
11Aestheticism（美学主义）
ThebasictheoryoftheAestheticmoveme
t“artforart’ssake”wassetforthbyaFre
chpoetTheophileGautierthefirste
glishma
whowroteaboutthetheoryofaestheticismwasWalterPater2aestheticismplacesartabovelifea
dholdsthatlifeshouldimitateart
otartimitatelife3Accordi
gtotheaesthetesallartisticcreatio
isabsolutelysubjectiveasopposedtoobjectiveArtshouldbefreefroma
yi
flue
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lywhe
artisforart’ssakeca
itbeimmortalTheybelievedthatartshouldbeu
co
cer
edwithco
troversialissuessuchaspoliticsa
dmoralitya
dthatitshouldberestrictedtoco
tributi
gbeautyi
ahighlypolishedstyle4Thisiso
eofthereactio
sagai
stthematerialisma
dcommercialismoftheVictoria
i
dustrialeraaswellasareactio
agai
stther