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认知法一、Briefi
troductio
认知教学法,又称认知符号法,或认知符号学习理论,是按照认知规律,调动学习者智力潜能,努力去发现和掌握语言规则,创造性地活用语言的一种外语教学法体系。二、Basictheory
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三、characteristics1认知法明确指出,外语教学应以学生的认知活动为主,而不应让
教师主宰课堂。采取直接法和听说法的教师往往主观设计各种教学环节,认知法却要求教师的备课建立在学生认知的特点上,根据学生认知过程进行教学。
2认知法的一个重要特点是反对机械模仿,注重培养学生的创造性思维,鼓励学习和使用外语中的创新精神。为此,认知法要求让学生明确每堂课甚至每一练习的教学目的,无论是学习语言知识还是技能训练都强调理解其中的内容,使学生能根据教学目标创造性地学习。
3认知法的教学重视语法,必要时可用母语进行教学。然而,认知法的语法教学又与语法翻译法不同,它要求通过有意义的练习达此目的。同时,认知法根据认知心理学的原理,强调教学必须遵循从学生已知,
f即已掌握的知识,到未知,即新知识领域的认识过程,它不同于语法翻
译法大量使用的演绎法。
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