主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词如bebecomegetlookgrowtur

seemsou
dfeelsmelltasteremai
等之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。Heisateacher名词Isityours代词Fivea
dfiveiste
数词Heisasleep形容词Thepictureiso
thewall介词短语Thespeechisexciti
g分词HisjobistoteachE
glish不定式Hishobbyisplayi
gfootball动名词TimeisupTheclassisover副词Thequestio
iswhethertheywillcome表语从句
自测：挑出下列句中的表语①Theoldma
wasfeeli
gverytired词类及句子成分
416
f②WhyisheworriedaboutJim③Theleaveshavetur
edyellow④Soo
theyallbecamei
terestedi
thesubject⑤Shewasthefirsttolear
aboutit

宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
Theywe
ttoseea
exhibitio
yesterday名词Theheavyrai
preve
tedmeformcomi
gtoschoolo
time代词Howma
ydictio
ariesdoyouhaveIhavefive数词Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday名词化形容词Heprete
ded
ottoseeme不定式短语Iamfo
dofliste
i
gtopopularmusic动名词短语Ithi
kthatheisfitforhisoffice宾语从句宾语种类：1双宾语间接宾语直接宾语。Le
dmeyourdictio
aryplease2复合宾语宾语宾补。Theyelectedhimtheirmo
itor
自测：划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语①Pleasetellusastory②Myfatherboughta
ewbikeformelastweek③MrLiisgoi
gtoteachushistory
extterm④Hereisape
GiveittoTom⑤Didheleavea
ymessageforme
自测：挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhas
tdo
ehishomework②HeteachesusE
glish③Youmustpaygoodatte
tio
toyourpro
u
ciatio
④Howma
y
ewwordsdidyoulear
lastclass词类及句子成分
516
f⑤Someofthestude
tsi
theschoolwa
ttogoswimmi
ghowaboutyou

补足语：用来补充说明主语或宾语用的。宾补：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意
义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词如make等宾语宾补。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。Weelectedhimmo
itor名词Wewillmakethemhappy形容词Wefou
d
obodyi
副词Pleasemakeyourselfathome介词短语Do
’tlethimdothat省to不定式Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesso
带to不定式Do
’tkeepthelightsbur
i
g现在分词I’llhavemybikerepaired过去分词Wewillsoo
makeourcitywhatyourcityis
ow从句
自测：1挑出下列句中的宾r