茶素）mostofisoflavo
e12Sodiumamalgamreactio
（钠贡齐反应）SampleEtOHSodiumamalgamfiltrate过滤acidifyflavo
eflava
o
eisoflavo
eisoflava
o
eshowredFlavo
olshowyellowtolightredflava
o
olshowbrow
ishyellow（棕黄色）13NaBH4reactio
exclusive（专一的）reactio
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o
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withmetallicsaltO
O
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O
2O

O
Al3
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O
OAl

2
OHOOH
O
O
AlO
Al3
O
O
21ZroCl2citricacidreactio
锆盐枸橼酸Disti
guish3OHor5OHSampleMeOH2ZrOCl2MeOHSolutio
showyellowshow3OHor5OH2citricacidMeOHIfcolordisappearshowOH5OH
o3OHifcolordo
’tdisappearshow3OHor35diOH
HOOOH
reaso
ThecomplexofC403OHZrOCl2ismorestable
OOHOH2OZrClO
22AlCl3reactio
paperspeakreactio
SampleEtOH1AlCl3EtOHyellowfluoresce
ce23SrCl2a
dammo
ia（氨水）reactio
Reactio
o
OdiArOH邻二酚羟基SampleMeOH001SrCl2MeOH3dropsMeOHsaturated（饱和的）byammo
iaPhe
ome
agree
→brow
→black↓
5
fOHHOOOHOHOHO
OSrHOOOOHOHO
Sr22OH
24Reactio
withFeCl3：reactio
o
ArOH墨绿色3Colorreactio
withH3BO3Theflavo
oidswiththefollowi
gstructureca
reactwithH3BO3i
theco
ditio
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orga
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tyellowOHO4reactio
withSbCl5Chalco
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o
ea
dflavo
olshowyellowtoora
geSectio
4Theextractio
a
disolatio
offlavo
oidsⅠExtractio
1Extractio
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e②60EtOHextractglycoside2Extractio
withhotwaterhotwateriso
lyusedtoextractflavo
oidglycosides3OHH2OorOHEtOHNa2CO3NaOHCaOH2H2Oor50EtOHⅡIsolatio
1Extractio
withsolve
ts溶剂萃取法DrugpowderEtOHextractExtractRecovertheEtOH，dilute（稀释）withwaterwatersolutio
ExtractwithpeCHCl3、EtOAc、
BuOHsuccessivelyPehydrophilicimputitiesEtOAcaglyco
ewithhighpoloritya
dglycosidewithlowpolority2pHgradite
textractio
pH梯度萃取法aglyco
emixtureEt2O5NaHCO3extractCHCl3aglyco
es
BuOHglycosidesWaterpolysacchridesa
dprotei
s
NaHCO3Et2Oacidify5Na2CO3extractppt（74diNa2CO3Et2OArOH）acidify02％NaOHextractppt（7or4OH02NaOHEt2O
6
facidify
4NaOHextract
ppt（commo
ArOH4NaOHEt2Oacidify（
eutralco
situtue
ts）ppt5OH）3Colum
chromatography柱色谱法31polyamidechromatographyprici
ple：hrdroge
bo
dadsorptio
theadsorptio
ofcarbo
ylo
polyamidea
dArOHo
flavo
oidsPolyamide
HC2NOCC2HHC2CH2HNCHC2OHNC2HHC2CO
HO
C2HHOCNHC2C2HH
OO
Factorsaffecti
gtheadsorptio
吸附：（1）the
umberofArOHthemorethe
umberofArOHthestro
gertheadsorptio
OHHOOOHr