LINGUISTICSACOURSEBOOK
Defi
ethefollowi
gterms1desig
featurearefeaturesthatdefi
eourhuma
la
guagessuchasarbitrari
essdualitycreativitydisplaceme
tculturaltra
smissio
etc2fu
ctio
theuseofla
guagetocommu
icatetothi
ketcLa
guagefu
ctio
si
cluclei
formativefu
ctio
i
terperso
alfu
ctio
performativefu
ctio
i
terperso
alfu
ctio
performativefu
ctio
emotivefu
ctio
phaticcommu
io
recreatio
alfu
ctio
a
dmetali
gualfu
ctio
3eticatermi
co
trastwithemicwhichorigi
atesfromAmerica
li
guistPike’sdisti
ctio
ofpho
eticsa
dpho
emicsBei
geticma
smaki
gfartooma
yaswellasbehaviouslyi
co
seque
tialdiffere
tiatio
sjustaswasofterthecasewithpho
eticvxpho
emica
alysisi
li
guisticsproper4emicatermi
co
trastwitheticwhichorigi
atesfromAmerica
li
guistPike’sdisti
ctio
ofpho
eticsa
dpho
emicsA
emicsetofspeechactsa
deve
tsmustbeo
ethatisvalidatedasmea
i
gfulviafi
alresourcetothe
ativemembersofaspeechcommu
ityrathertha
viaappealtothei
vestigator’si
ge
uityori
tuitio
alo
e5sy
chro
icaki
dofdescriptio
whichtakesafixedi
sta
tusuallybut
ot
ecessarilytheprese
tasitspoi
tofobservatio
Mostgrammarsareofthiski
d6diachro
icstudyofala
guageiscarriedthroughthecourseofitshistory7prescriptivethestudyofala
guageiscarriedthroughthecourseofitshistory8prescriptiveaki
dofli
guisticstudyi
whichthi
gsareprescribedhowoughttobeielayi
gdow
rulesforla
guageuse9descriptiveaki
dofli
guisticstudyi
whichthi
gsarejustdescribed10arbitrari
esso
edesig
featureofhuma
la
guagewhichreferstothefacethattheformsofli
guisticsig
sbear
o
aturalrelatio
shiptotheirmea
i
g11dualityo
edesig
featureofhuma
la
guagewhichreferstothepropertyofhavi
gtwolevelsofarecomposedofeleme
tsoftheseco
darylevela
deachofthetwolevelshasitsow
pri
ciplesoforga
izatio
12displaceme
to
edesig
featureofhuma

la
guagewhichmea
shuma
la
guagee
abletheiruserstosymbolizeobjectseve
tsa
dco
ceptswhichare
otprese
tci
timea
dspaceatthemome
tofcommu
icatio
13phaticcommu
io
o
efu
ctio
ofhuma
la
guagewhichreferstothesociali
teractio
ofla
guage14metala
guagecertai
ki
dsofli
guisticsig
sortermsforthea
alysisa
ddescriptio
ofparticularstudies15macroli
guisticshei
teracti
gstudybetwee
la
guagea
dla
guagerelateddiscipli
essuchaspsychologysociologyeth
ographyscie
ceoflawa
dartificiali
tellige
ceetcBra
chesofmacroli
guisticsi
cludepsycholi
guisticssocioli
guisticsa
thropologicalli
guisticsetc16compete
cela
guageuser’su
derlyi
gk
owledgeaboutthesystemofrules17performa
cetheactualuseofla
guagei
co
cretesituatio
18la
guetheli
guisticcr