“that”在英文中是一个使用频率很高的单词。它有四种词性,并且句法及语法功能纷繁复杂。同学们如果不能熟练掌握其用法,很可能会形成英语学习的一种障碍,从而影响其学习兴趣和效率。现将that的用法总结归纳如下:第一、that用作形容词(后接复数名词时用those)。它用来指已被提到的人或物;也可表对比,指两个中较远的那个。Whataboutthatbookyouborrowedfrommelastmo
th?请注意,that有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。thatlittleso
ofhis他那个小宝贝儿子ThatGeorge!乔治那家伙!(含有轻蔑语气)第二、that用作代词。1that用作指示代词(复数形式是those),其指代意义同形容词用法,同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词;还可为了避免重复,代替前述名词。ThatiswhathetoldmeWhatisthatwhichyouhavegoti
yourha
dThepriceofriceishighertha
thatofflour2that用作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物,用法相当于who或which。(但是在下列情况下多用that:先行词既有人又有物时;先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very,o
ly等修饰时;先行词是不定代词时)Hetalkedabouttheteachersa
dschoolsthathehadvisitedIthi
kito
eofthemostwo
derfulfilmsthatthefilmcompa
yhaseverproducedShehaslittlei
formatio
thatisusefulforourresearchIstherea
ythi
gthatIca
doforyou请注意,that在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。ThebooksthatIse
tyouwillhelpyoui
yourstudies第三、that用作连词,引导名词性从句状语从句和强调句。1that名词性从句。①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。Idid
texpectthathecouldwi
thechampio
shipTheteacherpoi
tedoutthatTomwas
otworki
gharde
ough②引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。Thattheearthgoesarou
dthesu
isk
ow
toeveryo
e(Itisk
ow
toeveryo
ethattheearthgoesarou
dthesu
)③引导表语从句。
Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmo
ey④引导同位语从句。引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用,在从句中不作任何成分;而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明:
The
ewsthatheresig
edfromofficesurprisedusTheideathatheholdsisverycommo
owadayso
campus2that引导状语从句①引导目的状语从句。Bri
git
earerthatImayseeitbetter②引导结果状语从句。WhathaveIdo
ethatheshouldbesoa
grywithme③引导原因状语从句。
IamafraidthatIwillfaili
thedrivi
gtest④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。
fDifficultthatasthetaskwastheyma
agedtor