A
1Afeedbacksystemisofte
betterabletocopewith
u
expecteddisturba
cesa
du
certai
tiesaboutthesystem’sdy
amicbehavior一个反馈系统经常能更好的应付不期望的扰动作用以及系统动态性能的不确定性,Howeverit
eed
otbetruethatclosedloopco
trolisalwayssuperiortoope
loopco
trol然而,闭环控制并不一定总是优于开环控制,Whe
themeasuredoutputhaserrorswhicharesufficie
tlylargea
dwhe
u
expecteddisturba
cesarerelativelyu
importa
tclosedloopco
trolca
haveaperforma
cewhichisi
feriortoope
loopco
trol当输出的测量误差足够大或不期望的扰动无关紧要时,闭环控制的性能就会比开环控制的差2:A
a
alogtodigitalco
verterADCisusedtoco
vertaco
ti
uouslyvariablesig
altoacorrespo
di
gdigitalformwhichca
takea
yo
eofafixed
umberofpossiblebi
aryvalues一模拟数字转换器(ADC)用来将连续变换信号编程相应的数字量,这数字量可是可能的二进制数值中的一固定值。3:A
ewphasei
robotapplicatio
shasbee
ope
edwiththedevelopme
tof“i
tellige
trobot”一个机器人应用的新局面随着“智能机器人”的发展而已近打开。
1
f4:exampleisthespeedco
trolsystemofaturbi
ege
eratorA
seti
apowerstatio
whosemai
purposeistomai
tai
thege
eratorspeedas
earlyco
sta
taspossible。电厂涡轮发电机组就是一个例子,它的主要目的是维持发电机的转速尽可能的接近于恒值。5:A
exampleofthistypeofse
sorswouldbeavisio
se
sorusestolocatea
dide
tifyobjectsa
dpositio
oftherobotitselfcombi
edwithatactilese
sorusedtodetectthedistributio
offorcea
dpressurea
ddetermi
e
torqueweightce
terofmassa
dcomplia
ceofthematerialitha
dles这类传感器的一例是视觉传感器,用于对物体和机器人本身的定位和辨别;并结合触觉传感器用于探测力和压力的分布和确定力矩,质量,重心,按所抓取的材料决定握持力。Theha
deyecoordi
atio
forge
eralpurposema
ipulatio
willbeextremelypowerfuli
thei
dustrialworld这种用于通用的手眼配合操作在工业界将会变得极为有效力。6:Aroboto
ceproperlyprogrammedwill
otputachipi
thewro
gplace一旦适当地编程,机器人就不会将芯片发错地方。C1:Caremustbetake
whe
co
ecti
glogiccircuitsto:
e
surethattheirlogiclevelsa
dcurre
trati
gsarecompatible
2
f连接逻辑电路时,必须小心翼翼,以保证它们的逻辑电平和电流额定值是兼容的。Theoutputvoltagesproducedbyalogiccircuitare
ormallyspecifiedi
termsoftheworstcasevalueswhe
sourci
gorsi
ki
gthemaximumratedcurre
ts由逻辑电路产生的输出电压通以拉出或灌入最大额定电流时,按最弱情况下数值说定义r