虚拟语气
（一）If条件句的虚拟语气时间从句If主语动词过去式（be动词一般用were）主句例句1、IfIsawhim
owIwouldbeveryhappy2、Ifhewerehere
owwecouldaskhimaboutit3、IfIwereyou
owIshould
’tquarrelwithhimIfIhadsee
himthe
Iwouldcouldmightshouldhavebee
veryhappyIfIsawshouldseeweretoseehimtomorrowIwouldcouldshouldmightbeveryhappy
与现在事实相反
主语shouldwouldcouldmight动词原形
与过去事实相反
If主语had过去分词If主语动词过去式should动词原形wereto动词原形
主语shouldwouldcouldmighthave过去分词
与将来事实相反
主语shouldwouldcouldmight动词原形
①If条件句的倒装：if条件句中werehadshould可用于倒装结构，但if必须省略。eg1、IfIhadsee
himthe
Iwouldhavebee
veryhappyHadIsee
2、IfIshouldhavetimeIwouldgowithyouShouldI3、IfIwereyouIshould
’tquarrelwithhimWereI②otherwisewithwithout等含蓄条件句引导的虚拟语气egWithoutaira
dwateralllivi
gthi
gso
theearthwoulddie（现在虚拟）Give
moretimewecouldhavedo
ethetaskbetterHewastake
tohospitalathomeyesterdayotherwisehewouldhavediedalreadyIf条件句可与butforwithout如果不…，要不是…等短语转换。egIfIhad
’thadButforyourhelpyesterdayIcould
’twithouthavedo
eitwellButthatIdid
’thave③if条件句的错综虚拟条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致（如一个是发生在过去，一个是发生在现在），动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整表示哪个时间就用哪部分虚拟形式。eg1、Tomwouldbealivetodayifthedoctorhadcomesoo
erlast
ight2、IfIwereyou
owIwouldhavego
etothetheatreyesterday3、Ifyouhadstudiedhardattimeyouwouldbeacollegestude
t
ow
f（二）表示建议、要求、命令、需要、决定等动词、名词、形容词后从句的虚拟语气主语dema
d（要求），advisesuggest（建议），i
sist（建议说），ordercomma
d（命令），require（需要），request（请求），decide（决定）……that（should）动词原形该类词小结：proposeresolvedetermi
epreferadvisedesirebegmai
tai
stipulate（猜测），dictatedecree……egHeorderedthatthemurdershouldbese
te
cedtodeath形容词的形式：Itiswasadjthatclauseshould动词原形
atural（自然）importa
t
ecessarysurprisi
gItisfu
ystra
gesuggestedrequestedordereddecidedthat主语（should）doarra
ged（安排）pityashame
owo
der，aegItis
ecessarythatweshouldkeepthebala
ceof
atureItisapitythatheshouldmisssuchagolde
cha
ce该类词小r