无机物英语命名法
一单原子离子1正离子CuCu
2
copperⅠcopperⅡideS2O2FfluorideClchlorideBrbromide
2负离子SulfideOxide
NitrideN3氟fluori
e氯chlori
e溴bromi
e二多原子离子1ateNONO
3222
ite
itrate
itritesulfatesulfitehydroge
carbo
atehydroge
sulfate
3
CO32OH
carbo
atehydroxide
SO4
SO3HCO3HSO4H2PO42
dihydroge
phosphatehypoiteiteateperate
FewestOxyge
AtomsFewerOxyge
AtomsMoreOxyge
AtomsMostOxyge
AtomsClO

hypochloritechloritechlorateperchlorate两种元素组成的化合物iro
IIoxideferrousoxideiro
IIIoxideti
IVchlorideleadIVoxideferricoxide
ClO2ClO4三FeO
ClO3
Fe2O3S
Cl4PbO2
金属氢化物一般命名规则：金属名＋hydrideCaH2calciumhydrideNaHsodiumhydride非金属氢化物一般命名规则：hydroge
非金属ideHClH2SHFSiChydroge
hydroge
hydroge
silico
chloridesulfidesulphidefluoridecarbide1
f非金属氧化物命名：非金属名＋
oxidelmo
o一2didai二3tritrai三6hexaheks六
4tetratetr四7heptahept七COCl2O7ClO2SF4
5pe
tape
t五8octa八
9
o
a
u
九10decadeke十
carbo
mo
oxidedichlori
eheptaoxidechlori
edioxidesulfurtetrafluoride
CO2carbo
dioxideN2O4
itroge
tetraoxide
NO2
itroge
dioxide
SF6sulfurhexafluorideCrO3chromiumtrioxide
CrO2chromiumdioxide
四、三种以上元素组成的化合物碱的一般命名规则：金属名（化合价）＋hydroxideS
OH2S
OH4Hg2SO4HgSO4FeSO4Fe2SO43NaClONaClO4KClO3NaHCO3含结晶水的hydrate水合物，u
hydrous无水的，不含水的haidrsCuSO45H2OCuSO4NaCO310H2O五无机酸1不含氧酸hydroicacideHClHFHBrH2Shydrochloricacidhydrofluoricacidhydrobromicacidhydrosulfuricacid把负离子的ate变为ic，后边加acid
itricacidsulfuricacidcopperIIsulfatepe
tahydrateu
hydrouscopperIIsulfateti
Ⅱhydroxideti
IVhydroxidemercuryⅠsulfate
盐的一般命名规则：金属名（化合价）＋酸根名mercuryⅡsulfateiro
Ⅱsulfateiro
Ⅲsulfatesodiumhypochloritesodiumperchlorate
2含氧酸ic正酸HNO3H2SO4H3PO4ous亚酸把负离子的ite变为ous，后边加acidH2SO3HClO4sulfurousacidhypo次某酸acid2perchloric3per高某酸
fHClO
hypochlorous
acid
有机物英语命名法烷烃的命名
普通命名法（中英文）含110个碳的烷烃，称为“某烷”，“某”为词首，采用甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸表示，从11个碳开始起用中文数字，词尾为“烷”。下表列出了直链烷烃的中英文名称对照。表直链烷烃的名称结构CH4C2H6C3H8C4H10C5H12C6H14C7H16C8H18C9H20C10H22中文名甲烷乙烷丙烷正丁烷正戊烷正己烷正庚烷正辛烷正壬烷正癸烷英文名Metha
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