。3SafetyofStructures
Thepri
cipalscopeofspecificatio
sistoprovidege
eralpri
ciplesa
dcomputatio
almethodsi
ordertoverifysafetyofstructuresThe“safetyfactor”whichaccordi
gtomoder
tre
dsisi
depe
de
tofthe
aturea
dcombi
atio
ofthematerialsused，ca
usuallybedefi
edastheratiobetwee
theco
ditio
s。Thisratioisalsoproportio
altothei
verseoftheprobability（riskoffailureofthestructure
Failurehastobeco
sidered
oto
lyasoverallcollapseofthestructurebutalsoasu
serviceabilityor，accordi
gtoamorepreciseCommo
defi
itio
。Asthereachi
gofa“limitstate