英语三大从句
复合句
【语法要点】
复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。从句只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。根据从句在句子中的作用,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
(一)名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。其关联词有连接词that、if、whether;
疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词whe
、where、how、why等。
1名词性从句句法结构:
从
主
Thathewillcomeiscertai
(that不可省)
属连
语从
Whethersheiscomi
gor
otdoes
’tmattertoomuch
句
(不能用if)
词
thatwhether
宾语从
Ithi
k(that)hewillbeallrighti
afewdaysIwe
ti
a
daskedif(whether)theyhadacheapsuit
句
Iwo
derwhether(不能用if)itistrueor
ot
表
语
Thefactis(that)Ihave
everbee
there
从句
Thequestio
iswhether(不能用if)itisworthdoi
g
连接代词
thatwhowhomwhosewhich
同
位语
Thefactthatshehad
otsaida
ythi
gsurprisedallofus
从
Theyaskedmethequestio
whethertheworkwasworthdoi
g
句
主语
Whowillhelphimis
otk
ow
从
Whathesaidisveryimporta
t
句
Whichsidewillwi
is
otclear
(1)作及物动词的宾语。例如:
Ireallydo
’tk
owwhatheisdoi
g
宾
Doyouk
owwhowhomtheyarewaiti
gfor
语
Heaskedwhosedictio
aryitwas
从句
Heca
’ttellwhichmethodtheywillusefortheexperime
t
(2)作介词的宾语。例如:
Payatte
tio
towhattheteachersaidIwo
deredtowhomhehadgive
theletter
表
Thatiswhatheisworriedabout
语
从
Thequestio
iswhowillcomehere
句
Thequestio
iswhichteamwillwi
thematch
f英语三大从句
连接副词
wherewhe
whyhow
主
Whereshehasgo
eis
otk
ow
yet
语从
Whe
theywillstartis
otk
ow
yet
句
Whyhediditwas
’tquiteclear
Howhebecameagreatscie
tistisk
ow
tousall
宾
Ido
’tk
owwherewearegoi
gtohavethemeeti
g
语从
Pleasetellmewhe
weshalldiscussourworkpla
句
Doyouk
owwhyhesaidthat
WillyoutellmehowIca
gettotherailwaystatio
表
Thatiswherehewasbor
语从
Thisiswhyheislate
句
Thisishowhedidit
Thequestio
iswhe
hewillbeback
同
位
Ihave
oideawhe
hewillcomeback
语从
Youhave
oideahowworriedIwas
句
Theproblemiswhereweca
getsomuchmo
ey
2名词性从句的其它用法:1)if不能引导表语从句。连接代词who、what、whose、which不能引导同位语从句。2)有时as、asifthough、because也可以引导表语从句,能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动
词be、seem、look等。例如:Thi
gsare
otalwaysastheyseemtobe事情并不总是像表面上看来的那样。
Itlr