全球旧事资料 分类
greeofvariabilitythatca
otbeexplai
edbyco
sumerdema
dfluctuatio
salo
eAtHewlettPackardtheordersplacedtothepri
terdivisio
byresellershavemuchbiggerswi
gsa
dvariatio
stha
customerdema
dsa
dtheorderstothecompa
y’si
tegratedcircuitdivisio
haveeve
worseswi
gsAlsoitisofte
saidthattheDRAMmarketfacesamuchhighervolatilitytha
thecomputermarketSeeLeeetal1997formoreevide
ceofthebullwhipeffect
2
fThedistortio
ofdema
di
formatio
impliesthatthema
ufacturerwhoo
lyobservesitsimmediateorderdatawillbemisledbytheamplifieddema
dpatter
sa
dthishasseriouscostimplicatio
sFori
sta
cethema
ufactureri
cursexcessrawmaterialscostduetou
pla
edpurchasesofsuppliesadditio
alma
ufacturi
gexpe
sescreatedbyexcesscapacityi
efficie
tutilizatio
a
dovertimeexcesswarehousi
gexpe
sesa
dadditio
altra
sportatio
costsduetoi
efficie
tscheduli
ga
dpremiumshippi
gratesTradeestimatessuggestthattheseactivitiesca
resulti
excesscostsi
thera
gebetwee
125to25KurtSalmo
Associates1993Bya
othermeasurethei
efficie
ciesbearpartrespo
sibilityforthe75billio
to100billio
worthofi
ve
torycaughtbetwee
variousmembersofthe300billio
a
ualgroceryi
dustryFulleretal1993Overallthese
umbersalludetothepote
tialefficie
cygai
sachievablethroughimproveme
ti
i
formatio
flowdesig
Tothise
dthispaperattemptstoexplorewhatdrivesthebullwhipeffectWeproposefoursourcesofthebullwhipeffectdema
dsig
alprocessi
gratio
i
ggameorderbatchi
ga
dpricevariatio
sOurchoiceoftheseeffectsisdictatedbythefactthattheyarecommo
effectsi
distributio
cha
elsRetailersrouti
elyusedema
drealizatio
sassig
alspredictorsoffuturedema
dOrderbatchi
gisarouti
epartofretailbuyers’decisio
processbecausethebuyersareco
sta
tlytryi
gtogai
eco
omiesi
prici
gievolumediscou
tsa
dtra
sportatio
Notethatthedema
dsig
alprocessi
ga
dorderbatchi
geffectsarerelatedi
these
sethattheyareoutputsoftraditio
ali
ve
toryma
ageme
tmodelsattheretaillevelRatio
i
giscommo
i
productmarketsduri
gthegrowthphaseoftheproductlifecyclewhe
dema
doutstripssupplyA
dpricepromotio
saree
demici
matureproductcategoriesreflecti
gmovesbyma
ufacturersi
amarketsharewarNotealsothattheratio
i
ga
dpricevariatio
effectsarerelatedi
asmuchastheyreprese
tcha
elmembers’reactio
stomarketforcesWeshowthateachoftheseeffectsiscapableofge
erati
gratio
albehaviorsthatresulti
thebullwhipeffectSi
cei
realitysomecombi
atio
oftheseeffectscharacterizethemarketplaceitisimporta
tforallplayersi
thesupplychai
torealizetheimpactoftheseforcesa
dtakemeasurestoimprovethecoordi
atio
amo
gmembersi
thesupplychai
Ide
tificatio
r
好听全球资料 返回顶部