过去分词作状语
【观察】观察下列句子中过去分词的用法,然后加以总结。1Discussedma
ytimestheproblemsweresettledatlast2Lookedatfromadista
cethepai
ti
gseemsmuchmorebeautiful3Caughti
therai
o
mywayhomeIhadabadcold4Builtthirtyyearsagothehousestilllooksverybeautiful5Theprofessorfollowedbyhisassista
tswalkedoutofthehall6Shesatbythewi
dowalo
elosti
thought7Satisfiedwithwhathedidtheteacherpraisedhimi
class8Waterca
becha
gedi
tovaporwhe
heated9Thereis
opoi
targui
gaboutitjustdoastold10Herushedi
totheroomhisfacecoveredwithsweat
总结过去分词可作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。过去分词作状语应注意以下几点:一、过去分词作状语表示的意义●表示时间如例句1、条件如例句2、原因如例句3、让步如例句4的分词短语相当于相对应的状语从句。Aftertheyhadbee
discussedma
ytimestheproblemsweresettledatlastIfitislookedatfromadista
cethepai
ti
gseemsmuchmorebeautifulBecauseIwascaughti
therai
o
mywayhomeIhadabadcoldAlthoughitwasbuiltthirtyyearsagothehousestilllooksverybeautiful●作方式状语或表示伴随情况,说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下,分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。可转化成并列句。如例句56Theprofessorwalkedoutofthehalla
dhewasfollowedbyhisassista
tsShesatbythewi
dowalo
ea
dshewaslosti
thought二、过去分词与句子主语之间的关系●过去分词作状语表示被动或完成的动作。其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语一致。过去分词与句子主语之间通常存在逻辑上的动宾关系。如例句15【难点点拨】分词作状语时,用现在分词还是过去分词,取决于分词与句子主语之间的关系。主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词。比较:Seei
gfromthetopfloorweca
fi
dthegarde
morebeautifulSee
fromthetopfloorthegarde
looksmorebeautiful●有些过去分词或短语来源于系表结构,或某些动词后面加ed转化来的形容词,作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。常见的有lost如例句6seatedhidde
losti
dressedi
facedwithabsorbedi
surpriseddisappoi
tedexhaustedfrighte
edsatisfied如例句7tired等。三、“连词过去分词”结构作状语过去分词作状语时,可在分词之前加某些连词,以表示强调。常用的有ifu
lesswhe
如例句8o
ceu
tilthoughalthougheve
ifeve
thoughas如例句9asif等。【难点点拨】此结构实际是状语从句的省略形式。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词是被动式时,省略从句的主语和动词be即是。r