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定语从句讲解与练习(附答案)
一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。二.特点:1先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2关联词:1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。关系代词:thatwhichwhowhomwhose代指先行词。关系副词:whe
wherewhy作时间状语。三.基本结构:
f先行词关联词定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1that和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。Hisfatherworksi
afactorythatwhichmakesTVsetsWhowashurti
theaccide
tthatwhichhappe
edyesterdayThecoatwhichthatIputo
thedeskisblack注意:Theroomi
whichIliveisverybig在介词后面不能用that2只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThisisthemosti
teresti
gstorythatIhaveeverheard2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThechildre
liketheseco
dlesso
thatisabout“TheFootballMatch”3)先行词被theo
ly,thevery或thesame等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。Itistheo
lywordthatIk
owi
thepassageWhereistheverybookthatIboughtjust
ow
fThisisthesamebicyclethatIlost4)先行词为everythi
g,somethi
g,a
ythi
g,all,
o
e,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用thatIwa
teverythi
gthatIwa
tIamwriti
gtotellyouaboutsomethi
gverystra
gethathappe
edtomelastweek5先行词被不定代词alla
y
oeverylittlemuchma
y修饰时,只能用thatHereisallthemo
eythatIhave6先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatIca
rememberwelltheperso
sa
dsomepicturesthatIseei
theroom7定语从句所修饰的词为theo
e时,定语从句用that引导Isittheo
e(that)youwa
t?8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that引导定语从句Whoisthegirlthatwo
thefirstplace3who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。Whom指人,在句中只能作宾语,可省略,但在介词后面不能省略。
fWhoistheteacherthatXiaoLiistalki
gtoThedoctorwithwhomshewe
ttotheU
itedStateslastmo
thisveryfamousThedoctorwhowhomthatshewe
ttotheU
itedStateswithlastmo
thisveryfamous五关系副词的用法:1whe
指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语Istillrememberthedaywhe
IfirstcametoBeiji
gwhe
o
which2where指地点,在定语从句中作r
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