解析:由题意知b≠0,设向量a,b的夹角为θ,因为a+ba-2b=a-ab-2b=0,又a=1,所以1-bcosθ-2b=0,所以bcosθ=1-2b,因为-1≤cos112θ≤1,所以-b≤1-2b≤b,所以≤b≤1,所以b的取值范围是,122答案:D13.2018全国卷Ⅲ已知向量a=12,b=2,-2,c=1,λ.若c∥2a+b,
4
f则λ=________1解析:2a+b=42,因为c∥2a+b,所以4λ=2,得λ=2答案:12
→→→→→→14.已知等边△ABC的边长为2,若BC=3BE,AD=DC,则BDAE=________
→→→→→→1→→→1→1→解析:如图所示,BDAE=AD-ABAB+BE=AC-ABAB+AC-AB=332→→1→2→1AC2-AB3AC+3AB=1→22→212AC-AB=×4-×4=-26363答案:-215.2018益阳市,湘潭市调研试卷已知向量a,b满足a=1,b=2,a+b=1,3,记向量a,b的夹角为θ,则ta
θ=________解析:法一:∵a=1,b=2,a+b=1,3,∴a+b=a+b+2ab
222
1ab1=5+2ab=1+3,∴ab=-,∴cosθ==-,∴si
θ=2ab415si
θ,∴ta
θ==-154cosθ
121--=4
→→→法二:∵a+b=1,3,∴a+b=1+3=2,记OA=a,AB=b,则OB=a+b,由→→→题意知AB=OB=2,OA=1,θ=π-∠OAB,∴在等腰三角形OBA中,ta
∠OAB=
1222-2=15,∴ta
θ=-ta
∠OAB=-1512
答案:-1516.2018福州市质量检测如图,在平面四边形ABCD中,∠ABC=90°,∠DCA=2→→→∠BAC若BD=xBA+yBCx,y∈R,则x-y的值为________.
5
f解析:如图,延长DC,AB交于点E,
因为∠DCA=2∠BAC,所以∠BAC=∠CEA→→又∠ABC=90°,所以BA=-BE→→→→→→因为BD=xBA+yBC,所以BD=-xBE+yBC因为C,D,E三点共线,所以-x+y=1,即
x-y=-1
答案:-1
6
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