havehasgo
eto去了某地例Hehasgo
etoBeiji
g去了北京没回
havehasbee
to去过某地例Hehasbee
toBeiji
g去过北京回了
3两结构
f4如果句子里面没有时间状语汉语意思能够加“已经”往往用现在完成时态。
Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗
5现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型
Theyhavepla
tedma
ytreesi
thelastpastfewyears
ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread
ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames
在现在完成时中一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用
例Hehasboughtthebookfor3years错
因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用改正的办法有
Hehasboughtthebook去掉一段时间for3yearsHeboughtthebook3yearsago改为一般过去时使句子的意思不变
fIt’sIthasbee
3yearssi
ceheboughtthebook3yearshaspassedsi
ceheboughtthebook改为固定句型ItisIthasbee
si
ce
Hehashadthebookfor3years
用延续性动词have代替buy
另外
①comearrivegettoreach→behere
Ihavecomeherefor3years错
改为Ihavebee
herefor3years
②leavego→beaway
Hehasleftfor3hours错
改为Hehasbee
awayfor3hours
③begi
start→beo
Thefilmhasbegu
for3mi
utes错
改为Thefilmhasbee
o
for3mi
utes
④ope
→beope
close→beclosed
Theshophasope
edfor3years错
改为Theshophasbee
ope
for3years
⑤die→bedead
Hisfatherhasdiedfor3years错
改为Hisfatherhasbee
deadfor3years
⑥fi
ishe
d→beover
fHehasfi
ishedtheworkfor3days错
改为Theworkhasbee
overfor3days
⑦joi
Ihavejoi
edthearmyfor3years错
改为Ihavebee
i
thearmyfor3years
或Ihavebee
asoldierfor3years
⑧buycatch→have
Ihaveboughtthebikefor3years错
改为Ihavehadthebikefor3years
Hehascaughtacoldfor3days错
改为Hehashadacoldfor3days
⑨borrow→keep
Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3years错
改为Ihavekeptthebookfor3years
还有其它的归纳如下
break→bebroke
getup→beupmarry→bemarriedbecome→belose→belost
5情态动词
1情态动词本身有一定的词义表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气但不能单独作谓语只能与其他动词构成谓语。常见的有ca
couldmaymightmust
eedshallshouldwillwould等。
2情态动词无人称和数的变化后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加
ot。个别情态动词有过去式形式也可用来表达更加客气、
f委婉的语气。
1ca
和could的用法
1ca
could表示“能力许可可能性”等。could为ca
的过去式。如Ca
Iuseyourbike
2ca
用在疑问句中表示征求意见、请求许可答语仍用ca
could用在疑问句中比ca
更委婉、客气是一种r