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高中英语语法:定语从句
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:whowhomwhosethatwhich等。关系副词有:whe
wherewhy等。注意:关系代词和关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。一、关系代词thatwhichwho引导的定语从句
关系代词
that在从句中作主语或宾语
指物指人
which在从句中指物作主语或宾语
whowhom在从句中分别作
主语或宾语
指人


1Apla
eisamachi
ethatca
fly2The
oodlesthatIcookedweredelicious
1Whoisthema
thatisreadi
gabookoverthere2ThegirlthatwesawyesterdaywasJim’ssister
1Theypla
tedsometreeswhichdid
’t
eedmuchwater2Thefishwhichweboughtthismor
i
gwere
otfresh
1Theforeig
erwhovisitedourclassyesterdayisfromCa
ada2Theboywhobrokethewi
dowiscalledTom3Theperso
towhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi4MrsReadistheperso
towhomyoushouldwrite
二、关系代词whose引导的定语从句
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式,用作名词的限定语,whose引导的定语从句既可为限制性的,也可为非限制性的。先行词既可为人,也可为物,whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。例如:Thisisthescie
tistwhose
ameisk
ow
allovertheworld
Theroomwhosewi
dowfacessouthismi
eHehaswritte
abookwhose
ameI’veforgotte
Hehaswritte
abookthe
ameofwhichI’veforgotte

三、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词
例句
whe
在从句中作时间状语October11949isthedaywhe
o
whichthePeople’sRepublicofChi
a可以转化为i
o
atduri
gwasfou
ded
which
I’ll
everforgettheyearwhe
i
whichweworkedo
thefarm
where在从句中作地点状语可以转化为i
atwhich
Thehotelwherei
whichwestayedwas
’tveryclea
Irece
tlywe
ttothetow
wherei
whichIwasbor
I’dliketolivei
acou
trywherei
whichthereisple
tyofsu
shi
e
why在从句中作原因状语可以转化为forwhich
Idid
’tgetapayrisebutthiswas
’tthereaso
whyforwhichIleftThereaso
whyforwhichhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrai

四、判断关系代词与关系副词
1
f先把主句和定语从句分开,再找出定语从句所修饰的名词代词(即先行词),然后放入定语从句中,看看这两者的搭配情况。1)如果定语从句和该先行词可以直接相连,且在从句中充当主语宾语表语的话,则用关系代词。
Thisisthecitywhichthatyouvr
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