全球旧事资料 分类
D
ree
act
PartIIReadi
gComprehe
sio
40Directio
sTherearefourreadi
gpassagesi
thispartEachpassageisfollowedbysome
ques
tio
soru
fi
ishedse
te
cesForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Ca
dDChoose
fthebesta
swera
dthe
markthecorrespo
di
glettero
ANSWERSHEETIwithasi
gleli
ethroughthece
ter
Passage1
I
1896aGeorgiacouplesui
gfordamagesi
theaccide
taldeathoftheirtwoyearoldwastoldthatsi
cethechildhadmade
orealeco
omicco
tributio
tothefamilytherewas
oliabilityfordamagesI
co
trastlesstha
ace
turylateri
1979thepare
tsofathreeyearoldsuedi
NewYorkforaccide
taldeathdamagesa
dwo
a
award
of750,000Thetra
sformatio
i
socialvaluesimpliciti
juxtaposi
gthesetwo
i
cide
tsisthesubjectofVivia
aZelizer’sexcelle
tbookPrici
gthePricelessChildDuri
gthe
i
etee
thce
turyshearguestheco
ceptofthe“useful”childwhoco
tributedtothefamilyeco
omygavewaygraduallytotheprese
tday
otio
ofthe“useless”childwhothoughproduci
g
oi
comefora
di
deedextremelycostlytoitspare
tsisyetco
sideredemotio
ally“priceless”Wellestablishedamo
gsegme
tsofthemiddlea
dup
perclassesbythemid1800’s,this
ewviewofchildhoodspreadthroughoutsociety
i
thelate
i
etee
tha
dearlytwe
tiethce
turyasreformersi
troducedchildlaborregulatio
sa
dcompulsoryeducatio
lawspredicatedi
parto
theassumptio
thatachild’semotio
alvaluemadechildlabortabooForZelizertheorigi
softhistra
sformatio

fwerema
ya
dcomplexThegradualerosio
ofchildre
’sproductivevaluei
amaturi
gi
dustrialeco
omythedecli
ei
birtha
ddeathratesespeciallyi
childmortalitya
dthedevelopme
tofthecompa
io
atefamilyafamilyi
whichmemberswereu
itedbyexplicitbo
dsofloverathertha
dutywereallfactorscriticali
cha
gi
gtheassessme
tofchildre
’sworthYet“expulsio
ofchildre
fromthe‘cash
exus’’’
Althoughclearlyshapedbyprofou
dcha
gesi
theeco
omicoccupatio
ala
d
familystructures“Zelizermai
tai
s,”wasalsopartofaculturalprocessof
‘sacralizatio
ofchildre
’slivesProtecti
gchildre
fromthecrassbusi
essworldbecamee
or
mouslyimporta
tforlate
i
etee
thce
turymiddleclassAmerica
sshesuggests;
thissacralizatio
wasawayofresisti
gwhattheyperceivedastherele
tlesscorruptio
ofhuma
valuesbythemarketplace
I
stressi
gtheculturaldetermi
a
tsofachild’sworthZelizertakesissuewithpractitio
ersofthe
ew“sociologicaleco
omics”whohavea
alyzedsuchtraditio
allysociologicaltopicsascrimemarriageeducatio
a
dhealthsolelyi
termsoftheireco
omicdetermi
a
tsAllowi
go
lyasmallroleforculturalforcesi
theformofi
dividual“prefere
ces”,thesesociologistste
dtoviewallhuma
behaviorr
好听全球资料 返回顶部