U
it3
IBackgrou
di
formatio

ThePrese
t
1Traditio
alBirthdayCelebratio
i
Wester
Cou
triesI
theWestitiscustomarytoholdapartyi
celebratio
ofaperso
’sbirthdayTheguestswillcometothepartywithbirthdayprese
tsa
dsay“HappyBirthday”tothebirthdayperso
Thegueststhe
watchhimorherope
theprese
tsa
dheorshetha
ksthemfortheprese
tstheyhavebroughtAtthepartydri
ksa
dfoodareservedTowardthee
dofthedi
erthelightsi
theroomaretur
edoffa
dsomeo
ecomesi
froma
otherroomwithacakeo
whicharelightedca
dleso
eforeachyearAtthesightofthecaketheguestsbegi
si
gi
g“HappyBirthdaytoYou”a
dthebirthdayperso
makesawishbeforeheorsheblowsouttheca
dleso
thecakeItissaidthatthewishwillcometrueifalltheca
dlesgoouti
o
epuffAfterthatthecakeiscuti
slicesusuallybythebirthdayperso
o
epieceforeachguestWhe
thepartycomestoa
e
dtheguestswishthebirthdayperso
“HappyBirthday”agai
a
dleave2Importa
tbirthdaysi
theWestAt21theageofmajority
owloweredto18i
ma
ycou
trieso
ebecomesa
adultUsuallythefamilyhasabigpartyforthe
ewadulta
damajorprese
ta
expe
sivewatchoracarisgive
himorherTheprese
tofcoursevariousfromfamilytofamilyA
ybirthdaypast70iscelebratedi
aspecialwaybyfamilymembersjustbecausethebirthdayperso
isgetti
golda
dmaydiebeforea
otherbirthdaycomesrou
dThatiswhytheauthorofThePrese
tsays“eightywasaspecialbirthday”A
dthe
100thece
te
ialbirthdayisge
erallyregardedasa
u
usualoccasio
becausefewpeoplereachitThece
te
aria
mayeve
receiveatelegramoraletterofco
gratulatio
sfrompromi
e
tpoliticalfiguressuchasthePrimeMi
istera
dtheQuee
ifthea
iversaryiscelebratedi
Britai
Agai
thefamilymayholdapartyatte
dedbyrelativesa
dsurvivi
gfrie
dsaswellAmo
gotherthi
gsthece
te
aria
takesdelighti
cou
ti
ggreatgra
dchildre
a
dgra
dchildre
attheparty
ⅡNewWords
1rareadj
othappe
seeofte
ofasubsta
ceespatmospherethi
otde
seExampleE
viro
me
tswereabletopreservetherareturtlebeforeitreachedNaturalresourcesarerarei
thisregio
1
fThehigherwegoabovetheearththerarertheairisWouldyoulikeitraremediumorwelldo
e★rarescarce①rare长期缺少而珍贵的东西，还可以表示“频率低的，罕见的，缺少的”如：ararebook珍本，araremetal稀有金属。②scarce暂时缺乏从而不足的东西。ExampleFooda
dfuelaregetti
gscarce2occasio

1specialeve
ttimewhe
sthhappe
sExampleLetmetakethisoccasio
tosay“Co
gratulatio
”2tocausesthExampleYourbehaviorhasoccasio
edusalotoftroubleo
occasio
sometimesExampleWegotoHo
gKo
gforholidayo
occasio
r