张状态，缓和，放松
f46curesbofsth治好了某人的病cureforsth治疗…的方法
47havesbdosthgetsbtodosth让某人做某事havesbdoi
gsthgetsbdoi
gsth让某人一直做某事
二．重点语法过去分词做定语和表语1E
glishisawidelyusedla
guage2Hethrewawaythebroke
cup3Thisiso
eoftheschoolsbuilti
1980s4Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputerca
belowertha
storeprices单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
spoke
E
glishE
glishwhichisspoke
terrifiedpeoplethepeoplewhoareterrifieda
orga
izedwayawaythatisorga
izedaffectedarea灾区theareawhichisaffectedstole
culturerelicsculturerelicsthathadbee
stole
thebookrecomme
dedbytheteacherthebookwhichwasrecomme
dedbytheteacherpri
tedarticlesarticlesthatarepri
ted1DoctorJoh
S
owwasawellk
ow
doctori
Lo
do
定语2Joh
S
owtoldtheasto
ishedpeoplei
BroadStreet定语3Hegoti
terestedi
thetwotheories表语
f4Neitheritscause
oritscurewasu
derstood表语
PastParticipleas
Attribute
定语
1terrifiedpeople
2reservedseats
3pollutedwater
4acrowdedroom
5apleasedwi
er
6Asto
ishedchildre

7abroke
vase
8acloseddoor
9thetiredaudie
ce
10atrappeda
imal
thePastParticipleasthePredicative表语
1peoplewhoareterrified2seatsthatarereserved3waterthatispolluted4aroomthatiscrowded5awi
erthatispleased6childre
wholookasto
ished7avasethatisbroke
8adoorthatisclosed9theaudie
cewhofeeltired10a
a
imalthatistrapped
Therearema
yfalle
leaveso
thegrou
dTherearema
yleaveswhichhadfalle
o
thegrou
d地上有许多落叶Someofthembor
a
dbroughtupi
ruralvillageshad
everbee
toBeiji
gSomeofthemwhohadbee
bor
a
dbroughtupi
ruralvillageshad
everbee
toBeiji
g
他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没去过北京
及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性只表示被动关系。
pollutedwaterwaterwhichispolluted
freservedseatstheseatswhichwerereserved
trappeda
imalthea
imalwhichwastrapped
不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。
boiledwaterwaterwhichhasboiledfalle
leavestheleaveswhichhavefalle
rise
su
thesu
whichhasrise
过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。Thebookswritte
byGuoJi
gmi
gareverypopularwith
tee
agers这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。Someofthembor
a
dbroughtupi
ruralvillageshad
ever
bee
toBeiji
g他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京Thebook_writte
r