定语从句用法
一、定语从句的有关概念两种类别限制性和非限制性
根据从句与主句的关系是否紧密来区分,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句
和非限制性定语从句两大类。两个重要概念先行词和关系词。
先行词指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从句通常是后置的,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
关系词就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。关系代词:与先行词之间为替代关系thatwhichwhowhomwhose,as关系副词:与先行词之间为包容关系whe
where,whyhowIk
owthema
wholives
extdoor我认识住在隔壁的那个人。Ik
owthema
Helives
extdoor我认识这个人,它就住在隔壁。Shewill
everforgetthedaywhe
shegotmarriedShewill
everforgetthedayO
thatdayshegotmarriedHeshowedmethearticlethathehadwritte
Shewas
oti
thetrai
whicharrivedjust
owSu
dayisthedaywhe
veryfewpeoplegotoworkThat’sthehotelwherewewerestayi
glastsummer
fGivemeo
ereaso
whyweshouldhelpyou二、引导定语从句的主要关系代词
1that的用法that是所有关系代词中最常用的,它既可指人也可指物,既可用作主语也可用作宾语。先行词为人物混合时,只能用that不能用whowhom或which如:ThisisthephotothatItookTheylivei
ahousethatwasbuilt200yearsagoThema
thatIsawtoldmetocomehereHerearethecarsa
ddriversthatyouhavebee
looki
gfor2whowhom的用法关系代词who和whom均只能指人,不能指物;从理论上说,who是主格,在定语从句中用作主语;whom是宾格,在定语从句中用作宾语。但在实际运用中,除非是直接用作介词后作宾语,否则凡是用宾格whom的地方都可以用who代替Imetsomeo
ewhosaidhek
ewyouSheisthegirlwhowhomyousawi
schoolThegirltowhomIspokeismycousi
3which的用法只能指物,作宾语时可以省略。省略情况与who和whom一样
Isthistheshopwhichsellschildre
’sclothi
g
fThefactorywhichMrLiusedtoworki
wasclosedlastweek
4whose的用法
关系代词whose用于指人:the名词ofwhom
也可以用于指事物
the名词ofwhich
如:
Heisthema
whosecarwasstole
Heisthema
thecarofwhomwasstole
Itwasa
isla
dwhose
ameIhaveforgotte
Itwasa
isla
dthe
ameofwhichIhaveforgotte
5as的用法指人指物都可以,用于thesame…asso…assuch…as
ThisisthesamebookasIboughtyesterdayThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesterdayThestoryissoi
teresti
gasma
ypeoplelikeThestoryissoi
teresti
gthatma
ypeoplelikeit三、定语从句中关系代词的省略省略关系代词r