被动语态
一、语态概述
英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如:Ma
ypeoplespeakE
glish谓语:speak的动作是由主语ma
ypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”,相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式,如:“他的自行车被偷了。”,再如:E
glishisspoke
byma
ypeople主语E
glish是动词speak的承受者。
判断:看下面的两个例句,你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动?Heope
edthedoor他开了门。(____________)Thedoorwasope
ed门被开了。(____________)
二、被动语态的构成be动词Vpp被动特点强调宾,用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语,逻辑主语by来引。1E
glishis___________(speak)i
Ca
ada2Theblouseis___________(make)ofsilk3E
glishis___________(speak)byma
ypeople
谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调,用被动语态莫忘了。1Somestampswere___________(steal)lastweek2ThePRCwas___________(fou
d)o
October119493Footballis___________(play)i
mostmiddleschools
被动语态须留意,PP前面助动bebePP
am(isare)现在时,am(isare)PPwas和were表过去。was(were)PP完成have(has)bee
。have(has)bee
PP将来,情态,be原形。will(ca
maymust)bePP进行时态两个be,前表时态后加i
g。am(isare)bei
gPP
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子,都能转换成英语的被动语态。三.几种常用时态的被动语态
1一般现在时:amisare过去分词肯定句:Bikesare___________(sell)i
thatshop否定句:Bikesare
otsoldi
thatshop疑问句:Arebikessoldi
thatshopYestheyareNotheyare
t
f2一般过去时:waswere过去分词肯定句:Hewas___________(save)i
1999否定句:Hewas
otsavedi
1999疑问句:Washesavedi
1999YeshewasNohewas
t
3一般将来时:shallwillbegoi
gtobe过去分词肯定句:A
E
glishclasswillbe___________(give)byJacktomorrow否定句:A
E
glishclasswill
otbegive
byJacktomorrow疑问句:Willa
E
glishclassbegive
byJacktomorrow
4现在进行时:amisarebei
g过去分词肯定句:Acarisbei
g___________(drive)
ow否定句:Acaris
otbei
gdrive
ow疑问句:Isacarbei
gdrive
owYesitisNoitis
t
5现在完成时:havehasbee
过去分词肯定句:Aroadhasbee
___________(build)bythegover
me
t否定句:Aroadhas
tbee
builtbythegover
me
t疑问句:Hasaroadbee
builtr