荷在数量上是相等的，而在符号相反。电子
和质子相互电吸引。
●
Each
eutro
iselectrically
eutralI
otherwords
eutro
sdo
othaveachargea
dare
ot
electricallyattractedtoeitherelectro
sorproto
s
●
Proto
sa
d
eutro
sareaboutthesamesizeaseachothera
daremuchlargertha
electro
s
Themassofaproto
isesse
tiallythesameasthatofa
eutro
Themassofaproto
is1840
timesgreatertha
themassofa
electro

●
The
ucleusofa
atomco
tai
sproto
sa
d
eutro
sThe
ucleuscarriesapositiveelectrical
charge
●每个中子是电中性的。换言之，中子不带电，也没有电吸引到电子或质子。
●质子与中子的大小相同、互比电子大得多。质子的质量与中子的质量基本上是相同的。质
子的质量比电子的质量大1840倍。●原子包含质子和中子的核。细胞核携带正电荷。
●
Electro
smovearou
doutsidethe
ucleus
●
Almostallofthemassofa
atomisi
its
ucleusalmostallofthevolumeofa
atomisoccupied
byelectro
s
●
The
umberofproto
salsok
ow
asitsatomic
umberdetermi
estheeleme
tVaryi
gthe

umberof
eutro
sresultsi
isotopesVaryi
gthe
umberofelectro
sresultsi
io
sIsotopes
a
dio
sofa
atomwithaco
sta
t
umberofproto
sareallvariatio
sofasi
gleeleme
t
●电子绕核外。
●几乎所有原子的质量是其核心；几乎所有原子的原子量是通过电子占领。
●质子数（也被称为原子数）决定元素。改变同位素的中子数。改变离子的数量。具有恒定
数量的质子的原子的同位素和离子都是一个单一元素的变化。
●
Theparticleswithi
a
atomarebou
dtogetherbypowerfulforcesI
ge
eralelectro
sare
easiertoaddorremovefroma
atomtha
aproto
or
eutro
Chemicalreactio
slargely
i
volveatomsorgroupsofatomsa
dthei
teractio
sbetwee
theirelectro
s
●原子内部的粒子是由强大的力量结合在一起。在一般情况下，电子是更容易添加或删除从
一个原子比一个质子或中子。化学反应在很大程度上涉及原子或原子团，以及它们的电子之
间的相互作用。
2ChemicalBo
di
g
Atomsarethebasicbuildi
gblocksofalltypesofmatterAtomsli
ktootheratomsthroughchemicals
bo
dsresulti
gfromthestro
gattractiveforcesthatexistbetwee
theatoms
Sowhatexactlyisachemicalbo
dItisaregio
thatformswhe
electro
sfromdiffere
tatomsi
teract
witheachotherTheelectro
sthatparticipatei
chemicalbo
dsarethevale
ceelectro
swhicharethe
electro
sfou
di
a
atomsoutermostshellWhe
twoatomsapproacheachothertheseouterelectro
s
i
teractElectro
srepeleachotheryettheyareattractedtotheproto
swithi
atomsThei
terplayofforces
resultsi
someatomsformi
gbo
dswitheachothera
dsticki
gtogether
2。化学键原r