专题12
定语从句
I定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词who先行词人从句成分主语例句备注
Doyouk
owthema
whoistalki
gwithyourmotherMrSmithistheperso
withwhomIamworki
g
whom关系代whose词
人
宾语Theboywhomsheloveddiedi
thewar
whomwhich和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory
人或物
定语Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate
时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatApla
eisamachi
ethatca
fly
that
人或物
主语，宾语SheisthepopstarthatIwa
ttoseeverymuch
fThebookwhichIgaveyouwasworth10which物主语，宾语Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccide
twasterribleHeissuchaperso
asisrespectedbyallofusas人或物主语，宾语Thisisthesamepe
asIlostyesterday关系副词whe
wherewhy时间地点原因时间状语地点状语原因状语Iwill
everforgetthedaywhe
wemetthereThisisthehousewhereIwasbor
Ica
’timagi
ethereaso
whyhetur
eddow
myoffer可用o
which可用i
which可用forwhichas做宾语一般不省略
IIthat与whichwhowhom的用法区别情况用法说明1先行词为alleverythi
ga
ythi
g
othi
glittlemuch等不定代词时只用that的情况2先行词被alla
yeveryeachmuchlittle
osomefew等修饰时2Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbee
give
out例句
1Hetoldmeeverythi
gthathek
ows
f3先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4先行词既指人又指物时5先行词被theo
lythevery修饰时6句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时1在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用whowhom指人只用whichwhowhom的情况2在由“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3先行词本身是that时，关系词用which先行词为thoseo
ehe时多用who。IIIas、which和that的区别从句区别
3ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread4Wetalkedabouttheperso
sa
dthi
gsthatweremembered5Heistheo
lyma
thatIwa
ttosee6Whoisthema
thatismaki
gaspeech
1Hehasaso
whohasgo
eabroadforfurtherstudy
2Iliketheperso
towhomtheteacheristalki
g
3Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers
例
句
f限制性定语从句中
名词前有such和thesame修饰时，关系代词用as不能用whichas和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果
Heis
otsuchafoolasher