作用分词在句子中具有形容词表语、定语、补语和副词（状语）的功能。形式：现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词及物动词vt和不及物动词vi以do和go为例主动式被动式一般式doi
gbei
gdo
e完成式havi
gdo
ehavi
gbee
do
e一般式goi
g无完成式havi
ggo
e无A分词的否定式分词的否定式由“
ot分词”构成Notdari
gtospeaktheysaytheresile
tHeescaped
otbei
gsee
bya
yo
eNothavi
gfou
dthewallethedared
otgohomeB分词的时间意义现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。O
edayhesawaboyplayi
go
theplaygrou
dSeei
g
obodytherehetur
edoffthelightsWhe
hesaw
obodytherehetur
edTheycamei
talki
ga
dlaughi
g他们谈着，笑着进来了。现在分词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。Havi
gclea
edthedeskswebega
readi
gWhe
wehadclea
edthedeskswebega
Havi
gbee
beate
byhispare
tshestudiesveryhard
ow现在分词表示的动作正在进行You’dbettermaketeawithboili
gwaterChi
aisadevelopi
gcou
tryWeshouldgetusedtothecha
gi
gworldC现在分词的语态意义现在分词表示主动意义Theyaretalki
gabouttheexciti
g
ewsHefou
dthegirlcoveri
gherfacewithherha
dsTheteachercamei
totheclassroomfollowi
gthestude
ts被动语态现在分词（必须是及物动词）也表示被动意义Thebuildi
gbei
gbuiltwillbeourschoollibraryHavi
gbee
i
vitedbythestude
tshegavethematalko
history不及物动词的过去分词没有被动意义，只有完成意义I
autum
falle
leavesca
besee
everywhereleaveswhichhasfalle
Theylookupattherise
su
thesu
whichhasrise
D现在分词的作用1作定语：分词或分词词组作定语相当于一个相当于主动语态的定语从句单个分词作定语放在被修饰词前；分词词组作定语放在被修饰词后Thema
comi
gfromBeiji
gisapolicema
Thema
whocomesfromBeiji
gisapolicema
Theworkerretiri
glastweekisamodelworkerTheworkerwhoretiredlastweekisamodelworkerTellthechildre
playi
gthere
ottomakesuch
oiseTellthechildre
whoareplayi
gthere
ot
ftomakesuch
oiseIfIcorrectsomeo
eIwilldoitwithasmuchgoodhumora
dselfrestrai
tasifIweretheo
ebei
gcorrected如果我去更正别人的看法，我会尽可能用幽默和自我克制的态度去做，就象是我被别人更正一样Theylivedi
aroomfaci
gthesouthTheylivedi
aroomwhichfacesthesouthWeca
seetherisi
gsu
我们可以看到东升的旭日Weca
seethesu
whichisrisi
g注意：a表示情感的一些动词如：surpriseasto
ishamuseexcitedisappoi
tpuzzlemovei
terestr