epMi
dAIlabhasbee
busyi
thepastfewyearscreati
gprogramstotakeo
huma
playersacrossavarietyofgamesI
2016itsAIphaGobeatthebestofGoplayeri
theworldEarlierthisyearitsAlphaStardefeatedtwomiddletierplayersatthepopularo
li
egameStarCraftIINowitislear
i
gtowi
atmultiplayergames
“Artificiallyi
tellige
tage
tsaregetti
gbettera
dbetterattwoplayergamesbutmostrealworlde
deavorsrequireteamwork”DeepMi
d’sresearcherswrotei
apaperpublishedi
Scie
cei
Ju
e
Tobesurecomputershavebee
provi
gtheirdomi
a
ceoverhuma
si
o
eo
o
etur
basedgamessuchaschesseversi
ceIBM’sDeepBluebeatRussia
chessmasterGarryKasparovi
1997
Howeversuccessfullyusi
gteamworktowi
i
multiplayergameswithcomplexe
viro
me
tswasdifficulttoachieve
ForthispurposeDeepMi
d’sresearchersdesig
edAIage
tsthattaughtthemselveshowtoplayfirstperso
gameQuakeIIIAre
aTheteamledbyMaxJaderbergworkedo
amodifiedversio
ofQuakeIIIAre
a
Thegamemodetheychosewas“Capture抢theFlag”Alltheplayersmustworktogethertostealtheotherteam’sflagwhilesafeguardi
gtheirow
TheAIage
ts“trai
ed”with12hoursofgamedataa
dthe
matchedupagai
stprofessio
algametestersTheprogrammersusedvariouski
dsof“rewards”tohelptheAIplayersweightheirgoalsa
dactio
stohelpthemcooperatei
theteamworkTheyalsousedra
domizedmapsforeach
ewmatchTheAIwo
75perce
tofthetimeeve
whe
itsreactio
timeartificiallysloweddow
tohuma
levelsa
dwhe
theiraimi
gabilitywassimilarlyreduced
“Thatmea
sthesolutio
sthattheage
tsfi
dhavetobege
eraltheyca
otjustmemorizeaseque
ceofactio
s”saidcoauthorWojciechCzar
ecki
Theo
lytimehuma
swereabletobeatAIage
tswaswhe
theyteameduptogetherAteamco
sisti
gofo
ehuma
a
do
eAIage
thadafiveperce
tgreaterwi
probabilitytha
ateamofjustAIage
ts
Etha
Gachsaidatthevideogame
ewswebsiteKotaku“ItsuggeststhattheAIprogramisabletowelladapttoplayi
gwith
o
AIteammates”I
the
earfutureAImaycooperatewithhuma
bei
gsi
someotherfieldssuchasmedici
ea
dotherbra
chesofscie
ce
12WhatmightbethetoughtaskforAIage
tsi
multiplayergamesAU
dersta
di
gtherulesBCooperati
gwithotherplayersCMemorizi
gcomplexactio
sDI
creasi
greactio
speed
高三英语
第5页共12页
13Whatdoestheu
derli
edword“domi
a
ce”i
Paragraph3mea

ABala
ce
BAdaptatio

CCo
trol
DAdva
tage
14HowdidtheresearchersofGoogle’sDeepMi
dtrai
AIage
ts
ATheygavevarious“pu
ishme
ts”whe
AIage
tslostthegames
BTheymadeAIage
tsteamupwithamateurhuma
players
CTheylimitedthetimeforAIage
tstocompletedifficulttasks
DTheyputthemthroughdiffere
tgamesr