6381HCO109502106381095010638101025
3
0851
0CO32
10638101025109502106381095010638101025
234
f015045已知HOAc的pKa474，NH3H20的pKb474。计算下列各溶液的pH：1010molL1HOAc；2010molL1NH3H2O；3015mo1L1NH4Cl；4015molL1NaOAc。解：101molL1HAc∵c
Ka

0110105
cKa011047410Kw
∴〔H〕0110474135103molL1pH2872010molL1NH3H2O
c
OH0110474135103molL1pH1113
3015mo1L1NH4Cl

Kb


0110510474
cKb011047410Kw
c
01510510926cKa0151092610KwKa
H01510926903106molL1pH504
4015molL1NaOAc

c
OH01510926903106molL1pH896
46计算浓度为012molL1的下列物质水溶液的pH括号内为pKa。1苯酚995；2丙烯酸425；3吡啶的硝酸盐C5H5NHN03523。解：1苯酚995

Kb


01510510926
cKb0151092610Kw
cKa0121099510Kw
c
H01210995367106molL1pH544
2丙烯酸425

Ka

01210510995
cKa0121042510Kw
c
H01210425260103molL1pH258

Ka

01210510425
334
f3吡啶的硝酸盐C5H5NHNO3523
cKa0121052310Kw
c
H0121052384104molL1pH308
47计算浓度为012molL1的下列物质水溶液的pHpK：见上题。1苯酚钠；2丙烯酸钠；3吡啶。解：1苯酚钠

Ka

01210510523
Kb10405cKb0121040510Kwc
OH01210405327103molL1pH1152
2丙烯酸钠


Kb

01210510405
Kb10975cKb0121097510Kwc
OH01210975462106molL1pH866
3吡啶


Kb

01210510975
Kb10877cKb0121087710Kwc01210510877
OH

Kb
01210877143105molL1pH915
48计算下列溶液的pH101molL1NaH2PO4；2005molL1K2HPO4解：101molL1NaH2PO4
cKa2011072010Kw
c
HKa1Ka21072010212219105molL1pH466
2005molL1K2HPO4

Kar