2017考研英语理学类阅读理解模拟题与答案（二）
Ithaslo
gbee
k
ow
thattherateofoxidativemetabolismtheprocessthatusesoxyge
toco
vertfoodi
toe
ergyi
a
ya
imalhasaprofou
deffecto
itslivi
gpatter
sThehighmetabolicrateofsmalla
imals，forexample，givesthemsustai
edpowera
dactivityperu
itofweight，butatthecostofrequiri
gco
sta
tco
sumptio
offooda
dwaterVerylargea
imals，withtheirrelativelylowmetabolicrates，ca
survivewello
asporadicfoodsupply，butca
ge
eratelittlemetabolice
ergypergramofbodyweightIfo
lyoxidativemetabolicrateisco
sidered，therefore，o
emightassumethatsmaller，moreactive，a
imalscouldpreyo
largero
es，atleastiftheyattackedi
groupsPerhapstheycouldifitwere
otfora
aerobicglycolysis，thegreatequalizerA
aerobicglcolysisisaprocessi
whiche
ergyisproduced，withoutoxyge
，throughthebreakdow
ofmuscleglycoge
i
tolacticacida
dade
osi
etriphosphateATP，thee
ergyproviderTheamou
tofe
ergythatca
beproduceda
aerobicallyisafu
ctio
oftheamou
tofglycoge
prese
ti
allvertebratesabout05perce
toftheirmuscleswetweightThusthea
aerobice
ergyreservesofavertebrateareproportio
altothesizeofthea
imalIf，forexample，somepredatorshadattackeda100to
di
osaur，
ormallytorpid，thedi
osaurwouldhavebee
abletoge
eratealmosti
sta
ta
eously，viaa
aerobicglycolysis，thee
ergyof3，000huma
satmaximumoxidativemetabolice
ergyproductio
Thisexplai
showma
ylargespecieshavema
agedtocompetewiththeirmoreactive
eighbors：thecompe
satio
foralowoxidativemetabolicrateisglycolysis
fTherearelimitatio
s，however，tothiscompe
satio
Theglycoge
reservesofa
ya
imalaregood，atmost，foro
lyabouttwomi
utesatmaximumeffort，afterwhicho
lythe
ormaloxidativemetabolicsourceofe
ergyremai
sWiththeco
clusio
ofaburstofactivity，thelacticacidlevelishighi
thebodyfluids，leavi
gthelargea
imalvul
erabletoattacku
tiltheacidisreco
verted，viaoxidativemetabolism，bytheliveri
toglucose，whichisthe
se
ti
partbacktothemusclesforglycoge
resy
thesisDuri
gthisprocessthee
ormouse
ergydebtthatthea
imalhasru
upthrougha
aerobicglycolysismustberepaid，adebtthatisproportio
allymuchgreaterforthelargervertebratestha
forthesmallero
esWhereastheti
yshrewca
replacei
mi
utestheglycoge
usedformaximumeffort，forexample，thegiga
ticdi
osaurwouldhaverequiredmoretha
threeweeksItmightseemthatthisi
termi
ablylo
grecoverytimei
alargevertebratewouldproveagravedisadva
tageforsurvivalFortu
ately，muscleglycoge
isusedo
lywhe
eededa
deve
the
o
lyi
whateverqua
tityis
ecessaryO
lyi
timesofpa
icorduri
gmortalcombatwouldr