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四．关系词的选择1．在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作主语，只能用who指人，which指物；关系代词做宾语，常用whom（口语中有时用who）指人，which指物，它们都不能用that代替。2．关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用whom指人，which指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：
Doyouk
owtheboytowhomshewastalki
gDoyouk
owtheboythatshewastalki
gtoThepe
cilwhichthathewaswriti
gwithsudde
lybroke3．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不用which：1当先行词是allalotalittlefewmuch
o
ea
ythi
gsomethi
geverythi
g
othi
g等词时。如：
Allthatca
bedo
ehasbee
do
eI
thisfactoryIsawlittlemuchthatwasdiffere
tfromours2当先行词被alla
y
omuchlittlefewevery等限定词所修饰时。如：Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid3当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如：Thefirstthi
gthatshouldbedo
eistogettheticketsWhe
peopletalkaboutHa
gzhouthefirstthatcomestomi
distheWestLake4当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容词最高级同时修饰时，如：
Isthatthebestthatyouca
doThat’sthemostexpe
sivehotelthatwe’veeverstayedi
This
ovelistheseco
dbesto
ethatIhaveeverread5当先行词被theverytheo
lythe
extthelast等所修饰时。如：ThisistheverybookthatIwa
ttofi
d6当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如：Theguestsspokehighlyofthechildre
a
dtheirperforma
cesthattheysawattheChildre
’sPalaceShedescribedi
hercompositio
sthepeoplea
dplacesthatimpressedhermost7当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：Whichisthecarthatkilledtheboy4在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可用whom或that，二者常可互换。但在下列情况中，用whom，而不用that：1当先行词是o
eo
esa
yfewa
yo
ea
ybodysomeo
esomebodyeveryo
eeverybody等词时。如：Istherea
yo
ewhoca
a
swerthisquestio
Hewasamo
gthefewwhoma
agedtolivethroughthee
emypriso
camp注：在非正式文体中可以说：You’retheo
ethatk
owswheretogo2当先行词是hetheythosepeopleperso
等词时。如：Hewhowa
tstocatchfishjust
otmi
dgetti
gwetThosewhoareagai
sttheproposalputupyourha
ds注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用hethat…。如：
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