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定语从句(2)定语从句中关系副词的用法
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自主学习过程关系副词是联系先行词和定语从句的词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个:whe
where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下:1表时间的名词whe
定语从句,whe
指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。例句:Istillrememberthedaywhe
IfirstcametoBeiji
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I’ll
everforgetthedaywhe
Ijoi
edthearmy2表地点的名词where定语从句,where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。例句:Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisi
thewestofthecity
ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago3表原因的名词reaso
why定语从句why只用于reaso
之后的限制性定语从句中在定语从句中作原因状语。例句:Thatisthereaso
whyIdidthejob在现代英语中why可以省略上句也可以这样表示:Thatisthereaso
Ididthejob
关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单,以下注意点不可忽视:1)“whe
”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reaso
在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子:Iwill
everforgetthedaywhe
Ifirstmetyouo
theseashoreIwill
everforgetthedayswhichthatwespe
ttogetheri
XueyaoMiddleSchoolThisisthehospital______mymotherworksThisisthehospital______wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday
知识小结(判断定语从句引导词的方法)方法一:不及物动词则要求用关系副词whe
wherewhy从句中的谓语为及物动词且后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;方法二:先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时选择关系代词whowhomthatwhichwhose
先行词在从句中做状语时选择关系副词where地点状语,whe
时间状语,why原因状语
2“whe
”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词which”,介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如:Doyoustillrememberthedayo
whichwefirstmeti
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whichwhe
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Thisistheroomi
whichwelivedlastyeari
whichwhereDoyouk
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forwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdaypartyforwhichwhy
3有时关系副词“whe
”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。
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