现在完成时讲解与习题
1
概念
⑴表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果依然存在（已完成）。常与副词already（肯定）yet（否定，疑问）justever
evero
cetwicebefoe等连用。如：Wehavealreadyk
ow
eachotherIhavejustwashedmyfaceHehasbee
tothisisla
dbefore⑵也表示过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去（未完成）。常与for（时间段）si
ce（时间点或过去时的句子）sofar等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：如：Wehavelivedtheresi
ce2000Mrzha
ghasbee
i
Beiji
gforoverthirtyyearsHehaslear
edE
glishsi
cehewas6yearsold注：这种用法中的动词用延续性动词。非延续性动词要用延续性动词代替。常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换：buyhaveborrowkeepcomebehereleavegobeawaybegi
startbeo
diebedeadjoi
bei
如：IhavekeptborrowthebookfortwoweeksShehashadbuythisbikeforayearTheoldma
hasbee
deaddiesi
celastyearTheyhavebee
awayleavefortwohours
2句型结构
⑴肯定句：主语havehas动词过去分词其他。主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have。如：Ihavedo
emyhomeworksi
ce600Theyhavefou
dthelostboyShehasgo
etoBeiji
gsi
ceshewas16yearsold⑵否定句：主语havehas
ot动词过去分词其他。如：Theyhaveworkedfor20hours→Theyhave
’twordedfor20hoursHehashadhisbreakfast→Hehas
’thadhisbreakfast⑶一般疑问句：HaveHas主语动词过去分词其他？如：Shehasbee
toBeiji
g→Hasshebee
toBeiji
gYesshehasNoshehas
’tTheyhavealreadylear
edthreeE
glishso
gs→Havetheylear
edthreeE
glishso
gsyetYestheyhaveNotheyhave
’t⑷特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句？如Howma
ywordshashelear
edyetHowlo
ghaweyoulivedhere注：havehasbee
to表示“去过某地”（已回来）瞬间动词形式havehasgo
eto表示“去某地了”（还未回来）人不在说话处，主语常用第三人称。
1
fHavehasbee
i
表示“已经。。。。。。”（持续的）持续性动词形式
3过去分词变化规则
⑴规则动词过去分词同过去式。⑵不规则动词需要记忆。①AAA型1costcostcost2cutcutcut3hithithit4hurthurthurt5letletlet6putputput7readreadread8setsetset9shutshutshut②AAB型1beatbeatbeate
③ABA型1becomebecamebecome2comecamecome3ru
ra
ru
④ABB型1bri
gbroughtbrought2buyboughtbought3thi
kthoughtthought4catchcaughtcaught5teachtaughttaught6buildbuiltbuilt7le
dle
tle
t8se
dse
tse
t9spe
dspe
tspe
t10lr