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dsubsurfacewater水文学主要研究的是水降落到陆地后流回海洋前的循环部分，因此，气象学家和海洋学家与之密切相关。水文学家通过测量诸如降落的数量和强度，雪或冰川的水量，冰川的增减，在溪流中的流速以及土壤水平衡等变量来研究水循环。水文学也研究地下水流量。尽管地下水流无法看见，但水文学家可通过了解土壤和基岩的特征包括渗透性、水如何在其他水源如河流和海洋附近活动，以及水在地球表面流动的流体流动模型来推断其流动状况。水文学对于水污染尤其是地下水和其他可饮用水的研究也很重要。水文学知识广泛用于了解从垃圾埋填地、矿井径流及其他潜在污染地流向地面水和地下水的流动情况和污染程度。
2
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