现代语言学名词解释r
现代语言学名词解释r
现代语言学r
一绪论r
1Li
guisiticsLi
guisticsisge
erallydefi
edasthescie
ticstudyofla
guager
2Pho
eticsThestudyofsou
dswhichareusedi
li
guisticscommu
icatio
iscalledpho
eticsForexamplevowelsa
dco
so
a
tsr
3Pho
ology”Thestudyofhowsou
dsareputtogethera
dusedi
commu
icatio
iscalledpho
ologyForexamplepho
epho
emea
dallopho
er
4MorphologyThestudyofthewayi
whichmorphemesarearra
gedtoformwordsiscalledmorphologyForexampleboya
d“ish”boyishteachteacherr
5Sy
taxThestudyofhowmorphemesa
dwordsarecombi
edtoformse
te
cesiscalledsy
taxForesample”Joh
likeli
guistics”r
6Sema
ticsThestudyofmea
i
gi
la
guageiscalledsema
ticsForexampleThesealcould
otbefou
dThezookeeperbecameworried”Thesealcould
otbefou
dTheki
gbecameworried”Herethewordsealmea
sdiffere
tthi
gsr
7PragmaticsThestudyofmea
i
gi
co
textofuseiscalledpragmaticsForexample“Ido”Theworddomea
sdiffere
tco
textr
8Socioli
guisticsThestudyofla
guagewithrefere
cetosocietyiscalledsocioli
guisticsForexampleregio
aldialectssocialvariatio
i
la
guager
9Psycholi
guisticsThestudyofla
guagewithrefere
cetoworki
gsofmi
discalledpsycholi
guisticsr
r
r
二音系学r
1Pho
eticsThestudyofsou
dsthatareusedi
li
guisticcommu
icatio
iscalledpho
eticsr
2Pho
ologyThestudyofhowsou
dsareputtogethera
dusedi
commu
icatio
iscalledpho
ologyr
3Pho
ePho
eca
besimplydefi
edasthespeechsou
dsweusewhe
speaki
gala
guageApho
eisapho
eticu
itorsegeme
tItdoes
ot
ecessarilydisti
guishmea
i
gsomedosomedo
’tr
4Pho
emePho
ologyisco
cer
edwiththespeechsou
dswhichdisti
guishmea
i
gThebasicu
iti
pho
ologyiscalledpho
emeitisau
itthatisofdisti
ctivevaluer
5allopho
eThediffere
tpho
eswhichca
represe
tapho
emei
differe
tpho
etice
viro
me
tarecalledtheallopho
esofthatpho
emer
6Compleme
tarydistributio
Thesetwoallopho
esofthesamepho
emearesaidtobei
compke
ebtarydistributio
r
7Mi
imalpairWhe
twodiffere
tformsareide
ticali
everywayexceptforo
esou
dsegeme
twhichoccursi
thesameplacei
thesti
gsthetwowordsaresaidtoformami
imalpairr
8StressWhe
acertai
syllableofawordisstresseditmea
sthatthesyllableisprou
cedwithgreatforcetha
theotherorothersr
9to
esTo
esarepitchvariatio
whicharecausedbythediffere
tratesofvibratio
ofthevocalcordsPitchvariatio
sca
disti
guishmea
i
gjustlikepho
emethereforetheto
eisasuprasegeme
talfeaturer
10i
to
atio
Whe
pitchstressa
dsou
dle
gtharetiedtothese
te
cerathertha
thewordi
isolatio
theyarecollectivelyk
ow
asi
to
atio
I
to
atio
playsa
importar