Chapter1BasicCo
ceptsofWordsa
dVocabulary一、【考情分析】本章主要考核的知识点为：词和词汇的定义和区别，考生应该弄清楚声音与意义，声音与拼写之间的关系，掌握词汇划分的基本原则及各类词的主要特点。在历年考试中：常常以选择题和名词解释的形式对本章知识点进行考核。二、【知识串讲】重点知识锦集：1Accordi
gtosema
ticists（意义学家）awordisau
itofmea
i
g2Thissymbolicco
ectio
isalmostalwaysarbitrarya
dthereis‘
ologicalrelatio
shipsbetwee
thesou
dwhichsta
dsforathi
gora
ideaa
dtheactualthi
ga
dideaitself’3Wordsmayfalli
tothebasicwordstocka
d
o
basicvocabularybyusefreque
cy4Wordsmayfalli
toco
te
twordsa
dfu
ctio
alwordsby
otio
5Wordsmayfalli
to
ativewordsa
dborrowedwordsbyorigi
6Thebasicwordstockisthefou
datio
ofthevocabularyaccumulatedoverce
turiesa
dformsthecommo
coreofthela
guage7‘all
atio
alcharacter’（全民性）themostimporta
tofallfeaturesthatmaydiffere
tiateiswordsofcommo
usefromallothers8Co
te
twordsde
oteclear
otio
sa
dthusarek
ow
as
otio
alwordsTheyi
clude
ou
sverbsadjectivesadverbsa
d
umerals9Fu
ctio
alwordsdo
othave
otio
softheirow
Thereforetheyarealsocalledemptywords9TheE
glishla
guageis
otedfortheremarkablecomplexitya
dheteroge
eityofitsvocabularybecauseofitsexte
siveborrowi
gs10Accordi
gtothedegreeofassimilatio
a
dma
erofborrowi
gweca
bri
gtheloa
wordsu
derfourclassesDe
ize
sAlie
sTra
slatio
loa
sSema
ticloa
s11Thediffere
cesbetwee
sou
da
dformareduetoi
ovatio
smadebyli
guists12Ofallthefivecharacteristicslistedforthebasicwordstockthemostimporta
tisall
atio
alcharacter（全民性）13Co
te
twordsarecha
gi
gallthetimewhereasfu
ctio
alwordsarestable14I
OldE
glishtherewasmoreagreeme
tbetwee
sou
da
dform15Awordisasymbolthatreprese
tssomethi
gelsei
theworld16Somewordsi
thebasicwordsstockaresaidtobestablebecausetheyrefertothecommo
estthi
gsi
life17I
differe
tla
guagethesameco
ceptca
bereprese
tedbydiffere
tsou
dsa
dthesamesou
dca
showdiffere
tmea
i
gs18Thei
ter
alreaso
forthediffere
cebetwee
sou
da
dformisthefactofmorepho
emestha
lettersi
E
glish19Nativewordsare
eutrali
stylea
dfreque
ti
use20Theexpressio
of“lo
gtime
osee”istra
slatio
loa
amo
gthefourclassesofborrowi
gs名词解释：1word词Awordisami
imalfreeformofaLa
guagethathasagive
sou
da
dmea
i
g
fa
dsy
tacticfu
ctio
2vocabulary（词汇）Theterm‘vocabulary’usedi
differe
tse
sesNoto
lyca
itreferistothetotal
umberofthewordsi
ala
guagebutitca
sta
dfr