6动名词动名词是非限定动词的一种形式,由动词原形i
g构成。它既有动词的特征,又有名词的特征,故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化,如表所示(以及物动词write为例),不及物动词没有语态的变化。时态语态主动被动一般式writi
gbei
gwritte
完成式havi
gwritte
havi
gbee
writte
61动名词作主语、宾语和表语1)作主语。例如:Fighti
gbrokeoutbetwee
theSoutha
dtheNorth南方与北方开战了。2)作宾语a有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如:admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成co
sider认为delay耽误de
y否认detest讨厌e
dure忍受e
joy喜欢escape逃脱fa
cy想象fi
ish完成imagi
e想象mi
d介意miss想念postpo
e推迟practice训练recall回忆rese
t讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议face面对i
clude包括sta
d忍受u
dersta
d理解forgive宽恕keep继续例如:Wouldyoumi
dtur
i
gdow
yourradioalittleplease你把收音机音量调小一点,好吗Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbei
gcaught这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。b有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如:admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteo
eselftoobjecttostickto
ogood
ousebefo
doflookforwardtobeproudofbebusyca
thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthi
kofburstoutkeepo
i
sisto
cou
to
setaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfuli
3)作表语,对主语说明、解释。例如:Herjobiswashi
gclea
i
ga
dtaki
gcareofthechildre
她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较:Sheiswashi
gclea
i
ga
dtaki
gcareofthechildre
4)作定语,一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如:awriti
gdeskadeskforwriti
g写字台aswimmi
gpoolapoolswimmi
g游泳池有些动名词作定语,与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如:boili
gpoi
tatemperaturepoi
tatwhichsomethi
gbegi
stoboil沸点awalki
gtractoratractorwhichadriverca
operatewhileheorsheiswalki
gbehi
dit手扶拖拉机62worth的用法worthworthyworthwhile都是形容词,意为