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1故宫故宫又名紫禁城,位于北京市中心、天安门广场北1km,景山南门对面。故宫外围是一条护城河,河内是周长3km、高近10米的城墙,城墙四面都有门,南有午门,北有神武门,东有东华门,西有西华门;城墙四角还耸立着4座角楼,造型别致,玲珑剔透。故宫大体可分为两部分,南为工作区,即外朝;北为生活区,即内廷。其所有建筑排列在中轴线上,东西对称。在居住区以北还有一个小巧别致的御花园,是皇室人员游玩之所。现在故宫的一些宫殿中设有综合性展览,收藏有大量古代艺术珍品,是中国文物收藏最丰富的博物馆。1TheImperialPalaceTheImperialPalacealsok
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2天坛公园天坛位于北京城南端,是明清两代皇帝祭祀天地之神和祈祷五谷丰收的地方。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛,围墙分内外两层,呈回字形。北围墙为弧圆形,南围墙与东西墙成直角相交,为方形。这种南方北圆,通称“天地墙”,象征古代“天圆地方”之说。外坛墙东、南、北三面均没有门,只有西边修两座大门圜丘坛门和祈谷坛门(也称天坛门)。而内坛墙四周则有东、南、西、北四座天门。内坛建有祭坛和斋宫,并有一道东西横墙,南为圜丘坛,北为祈谷坛。2TheTempleofHeave
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