微观经济名词解释
CHAPTER1Briefi
g
Scarcitythelimited
atureofsociety’sresourcesEco
omicsthestudyofhowsocietyma
agesitsscarceresourcesEfficie
cythepropertyofsocietygetti
gthemostitca
fromitsscarceresourcesEquitythepropertyofdistributi
geco
omicprosperityfairlyamo
gthemembersofsocietyOpportu
itycostwhatevermustbegive
uptoobtai
someitemRatio
alsystematicallya
dpurposefullydoi
gthebestyouca
toachieveyourobjectivesMargi
alcha
gessmalli
creme
taladjustme
tstoapla
ofactio
I
ce
tivesomethi
gthati
ducesaperso
toactMarketeco
omya
eco
omythatallocatesresourcesthroughthedece
tralizeddecisio
sofma
yfirmsa
dhouseholdsastheyi
teracti
marketsforgoodsa
dservicesPropertyrightstheabilityofa
i
dividualtoow
a
dexerciseco
troloverscarceresourcesMarketfailureasituatio
i
whichamarketlefto
itsow
failstoallocateresourcesefficie
tlyExter
alitytheimpactofo
eperso
’sactio
so
thewellbei
gofabysta
derMarketpowertheabilityofasi
gleeco
omicactororsmallgroupofactorstohaveasubsta
tiali
flue
ceo
marketpricesProductivitythequa
tityofgoodsa
dservicesproducedfromeachhourofaworker’stimeI
flatio
a
i
creasei
theoveralllevelofpricesi
theeco
omyPhillipscurveacurvethatshowstheshortru
tradeoffbetwee
i
flatio
a
du
employme
tBusi
esscyclefluctuatio
si
eco
omicactivitysuchasemployme
ta
dproductio
Circularflowdiagramavisualmodeloftheeco
omythatshowshowdollarsflowthroughmarketsamo
ghouseholdsa
dfirmsProductio
possibilitiesfro
tieragraphthatshowsthecombi
atio
sofoutputthattheeco
omyca
possiblyproducegive
theavailablefactorsofproductio
a
dtheavailableproductio
tech
ologyMicroeco
omicsthestudyofhowhouseholdsa
dfirmsmakedecisio
sa
dhowtheyi
teracti
marketsMacroeco
omicsthestudyofeco
omywidephe
ome
ai
cludi
gi
flatio
u
employme
ta
deco
omicgrowthPositivestateme
tsclaimsthatattempttodescribetheworldasitisPositivestateme
tsclaimsthatattempttodescribetheworldasitisI
visibalha
dEco
omicma
Perfecti
formatio
Marketcleari
g
CHAPTER2SupplyDema
dEquilibrium
Qua
titydema
dedtheamou
tofagoodthatbuyersarewilli
ga
dabletopurchaseLawofdema
dtheclaimthatotherthi
gsequalthequa
titydema
dedofagoodfallswhe
thepriceofthe
fgoodrisesDema
dscheduleatablethatshowstherelatio
shipbetwee
thepriceofagooda
dthequa
titydema
dedDema
dcurveagraphoftherelatio
shipbetwee
thepriceofagooda
dthequa
titydema
dedNormalgoodagoodforwhichotherthi
gsequala
i
creasei
i
comeleadstoa
i
creasei
dema
dI
feriorgoodagoodforwhichotherthi
gsequala
i
creasei
i
comeleadstoadecreasei
dema
dSubstitutesr