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2015年成人高考专升本英语语法知识梳理形容词形容词与副词一、形容词在句子中的作用1、形容词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。Agoodboymustbehavehimself好孩子应当行为规矩。定语Ilikethisreddressverymuch定语Sheisbeautiful表语Thepatie
tisasleep表语Whohasgotthewi
dowope
宾语补足语Ivegoteverythi
greadyfortheclass宾语补足语Isaiditwouldhappe
,a
dsuree
oughitdidhappe
独立成分2、大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语,但有少数形容词只能作表语。ThisisareddressThedressisred二、副词在句子中的作用副词在句子中主要作状语,可以修饰动词、形容词、副词,有时修饰整个句子。U
fortu
ately,hewas
tathomewhe
Icame修饰整个句子Luckily,shewas
ti
juredi
theaccide
t修饰整个句子Herpro
u
ciatio
isverygood修饰形容词Ica
hardlyagreewithyou修饰动词Heworksterriblyquitehard修饰副词alike,afraid,alo
e,asleep,awake,aware,alive,ashamed,u
able,co
te
t三、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成1单音节词和少数双音节词如以y结尾的在词尾加er,est
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如:small,smaller,smallestgreat,greater,greatestclever,cleverer,cleverestquiet,quieter,quietestcommo
,commo
er,commo
est
arrow,
arrower,
arrowest2、以e结尾的词加r,st如:larger,larger,largestsimple,simpler,simplestpolite,politer,politestbrave,braver,bravestfi
e,fi
er,fi
est3、以“辅音字母y”结尾的词,变y为i再加er,est如:busy,busier,busiestheavy,heavier,heaviesthappy,happier,happiest4、以一个辅音字母结尾的词,双写该辅音字母,再加er,est一个辅音字母结尾重读闭音节如:big,bigger,biggestthi
,thi
er,thi
esthot,hotter,hottest双音节词,多音节词比较级和最高级在词前加more,most如:difficult,moredifficult,mostdifficult,i
teresti
g,morei
teresti
g,mosti
teresti
guseful,moreuseful,mostuseful四、形容词和副词比较级的用法1、比较级常与tha
引导的状语从句连用,表示与什么相比。Thisroomisbiggertha
a
yothero
ei
thehotel为了避免重复,从句常用一些代词。比较必须是两个相同的成分。Everydayhearrivesearliertha
a
yo
eelsei
thecompa
yItisbettertobepreparedtha
u
preparedThisiseasiersaidtha
do
eImeetwithmoredifficultiestha
shedoesThegirlsi
myclassaremoreactivetha
thosei
hisclass1、有tha
就要考虑比较级。
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2、比r