TheMa
VSTheFateTheTragicArti
theOldMa
a
dtheSea
Outli
eIi
troductio
AThis
ovelreflectsHemi
gway’su
iquewriti
gstyleBHemi
gway’slifeexperie
ceshavecloserelatio
shipwithhiswriti
gstyleIIThe
atureofthelifeiswithoutmercyASa
tiago’slifeexperie
cesarecruelBThehardlifestre
gthe
stheoldma
’su
defeatedspiritIIIThema
combatswiththefateAMa
isu
defeatedi
spiritaTheu
defeatedspiritcomposesexperie
ceco
fide
cedetermi
atio
lovetolera
cea
dlovebTheu
defeatedspiritca
mi
imizethedifficultiesBTheoldma
’sfailureisi
evitableIVTheoldma
a
dtheseacharacterizesi
Hemi
gway’stragicartAThis
ovelhasthicktragedycolorBTragicartisHemi
gway’swriti
gstyleCThis
ovelisHemi
gway’stypicaltragedyVCo
clusio
1
fAbstractTheoldma
a
dseaisafamous
ovelwritte
byEr
estHemi
gwaywhoseworkisalwaysfulloftragicartThispaperdealswiththetopic“thema
Vsthefate”whichrevealsHemi
gway’stragicartMa
’stragicco
ditio
isthatheisdoomedbyfatetodefeatbuthisspiritisu
defeatedThisthesisco
tai
sfivepartsPartIi
troducesthemai
plotsofthis
ovela
dtherelatio
shipbetwee
Hemi
gway’slifeexperie
ceswithhiswriti
gstylePartIIemphasizeshislifethatissocruelfrompovertylo
eli
essagea
dtheu
predictablefateI
thepartIIIthroughthea
alysiso
thewarbetwee
theu
defeateda
dthefatemakesaco
clusio
thatthema
isu
defeatedi
spiritalthoughheisdestroyedcompletelyi
realityThetragicartisdiscussedi
partIV
KeywordsTragicu
defeatedtheoldma
Hemi
gwayfate
2
f摘要
老人与海是海明威的短篇小说，作者以悲剧写作手法而著名。
本文通过展示“人与命运”的抗争来说明海明威的悲剧艺术：虽然人类悲剧的形成是命运安排的，但是人类的精神是不会被摧毁的。本文分为5个部分。第一部分介绍了小说的主要内容以及海明威生活经历与写作手法形成之间的关系。第二部分重点介绍他穷困潦倒的生活，年龄以及未知的命运。第三部分，通过分析命运与硬汉精神，得出结论，即使会摧残人的肉体，但战胜不了人类的精神。第四部分通过小说中海明威的悲剧艺术讨论悲剧写作手法。
关键词：悲剧，不可战胜，老人，海明威，命运
3
fPartII
troductio
Theoldma
a
dtheseaisafamous
ovelwritte
byEr
estHemi
gwaypublishedi
1952whichdescribesa
oldfisherma
Sa
tiagohas
otcaughta
ythi
gforeightyfourdaysTosavehiscareera
ddig
ityhegoesfarouttheseatoquestforthegreatfishHee
duresagreatstrugglewitha
u
commo
lylargea
d
oblemarli
a
dlosesthefishtotherapacioussharko
hiswaybackThe
ovelho
orstheoldma
’sextraordi
arypersevera
cea
dhisstro
gdetermi
atio
mer