情态动词总结
I情态动词的特征:1本身有词义。2不能独立作谓语。2后接动词原形一起构成谓语。3不随人称和数的变化。II情态动词各自的基本意义及用法:1ca
与could用法对比点ca
Youca
useadiffere
tmateriali
steadNo
oitca
’tbetrueWhato
earthca
thismea
couldIcould
’tu
dersta
dwhathesaidatallHesaidIcouldborrowhisbikeWethoughtthestorycould
otbetrueHowcouldyoubesocareless1、表“能力”Ca
youliftthisheavybox2、表“许可”3、“怀疑”
4、ca
与beableto区别
1could代替ca
,表示语气更为婉转。EgCouldIuseyourbikeYesyouca
2ca
能够beableto仅表能力时,但beableto表示一番努力后,才能做得到,且有更多的时态。maymightMightI…CouldI…但比用may更客气Hetoldmehemightcomemight与told相呼应I’mafraidhemight
otlikethisplay肯定:Yesyoumay否定:Noyoumust
’t不行(语气强硬)Noyoumay
ot或Noyou’dbetter
otTheemperorgavethemsomegoldi
orderthattheymightbegi
theirworkato
cehaveto
2may与might用法对比点
1.表“询问”MayI…Ca
I…2表“允许”Youmaytaketheboythere
3.表“可能”Shemay
orlikethisplace“或许”
注:
1MayI…的答语。2may可表示期望或祝愿Mayyousucceed3maymight用于目的状语从句。
3must与haveto用法对比点must(主观看法)必须;没有过去式,可用于间接引语中。(客观需要)不得不,有多种时态。HetoldmeImustdoaccordi
gtoIt’srai
i
gheavilyweca
’tgo
owwhathesaidMustI…Yesyoumust(一定)DoyouhavetogotodayNoyou
eed
’tyoudo
’thavetoYeswedoYoudo
’thavetoworryaboutthat不必
eedHe
eed
ot
eed
’tgodareHedare
otsayso
1表“必须”
2疑问句
4
eed与dare用法对比点1情态v动词
f原形1)否定式2)疑问式2实义vtodo1)肯定式2)否定式3)疑问式3did
ot
eedtodo表示过去没必要做对比点
Needwedoitagai
Noyou
eed
’tdoitagai
Dareshegooutalo
eat
ightHowdareyousayI’mu
fairIfhedaredothathe’llbepu
ishedIdaresay固定用法HedarestosayHedoes
otdoes
’tdaretosayIfyoudaretojumpi
tothewaterfromheresodareI
He
eedstogoHedoes
’tdoes
ot
eedtogoDoeshe
eedtodoitagai
Nohedoes
’t
eedotdoitagai
Shedid
’t
eedtoatte
dthemeeti
gyesterdaya
dshestayedwithherchildre
她没有参加
5should与oughtto用法shouldoughtto“有责任有必要”做某事Yououghttofi
ishyourworkbeforeyougohomeWeoughttohelpeachother“非常可能”的事,可译为“总应该”Ifwr