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gA,B,CorDMarkyoura
swerso
ANSWERSHEET1(40poi
ts)Text1Wehavek
ow
foralo
gtimethattheorga
izatio
ofa
yparticularsocietyisi
flue
cedbythedefi
itio
ofthesexesa
dthedisti
ctio
draw
betwee
themButwehaverealizedo
lyrece
tlythattheide
tityofeachsexis
otsoeasytopi
dow
,a
dthatdefi
itio
sevolvei
accorda
cewithdiffere
ttypesofculturek
ow
tous,thatis,scie
tificdiscoveriesa
dideologicalrevolutio
sOur
atureis
otco
sideredasimmutable,eithersociallyorbiologicallyAsweapproachthebegi
i
gofthe21stce
tury,thesubsta
tialprogressmadei
biologya
dge
eticsisradicallychalle
gi
gtheroles,respo
sibilitiesa
dspecificcharacteristicsattributedtoeachsex,a
dyet,scarcelytwe
tyyearsago,thesewerethoughttobe“beyo
ddispute”。Weca
safelysay,withafewmi
orexceptio
s,thatthedefi
itio
ofthesexesa
dtheirrespectivefu
ctio
sremai
edu
cha
gedi
theWestfromthebegi
i
gofthe19thce
turytothe1960sTheroledisti
ctio
,raisedi
somecasestothestatusofu
compromisi
gdualismo
astro
glyhierarchicalmodel,lastedthroughoutthisperiod,appeali
gforitsjustificatio
to
ature,religio
a
dcustomsallegedtohaveexistedsi
cethedaw
oftimeThewoma
borechildre
a
dtookcareofthehomeThema
setouttoco
quertheworlda
dwasrespo
sibleforthesurvivalofhisfamily,bysatisfyi
gtheirhttpwwwtheac
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eedsi
peacetimea
dgoi
gtowarwhe
ecessaryThee
tireworldorderrestedo
thediverge
ceofthesexesA
yoverlappi
gorco
fusio
betwee
theroleswassee
asathreattothetimeho
oredorderofthi
gsItwasfelttobeagai
st
ature,adeviatio
fromthe
ormSexrolesweredetermi
edaccordi
gtothe“place”appropriatetoeachWome
splacewas,firsta
dforemost,i
thehomeTheoutsideworld,ieworkshops,factoriesa
dbusi
essfirms,belo
gedtome
Thissexbaseddivisio
oftheworld(privatea
dpublic)gaverisetoastrictdichotomybetwee
theattitudes,whichco
ferredo
eachitsspecialide
tityThewoma
,sequesteredathome,“cared,
urtureda
dco
served”。Todothis,shehad
o
eedtobedari
g,ambitious,toughorcompetitiveThema
,o
theotherha
d,competi
gwithhisfellowme
,wascaughtupeverydayi
thestruggle
fforsurvival,a
dhe
cedevelopedthosecharacteristicswhichwerethought
aturali
ama
Today,ma
ywome
goouttowork,a
dtheirreaso
sfordoi
gsohavecha
gedco
siderablyBesidesthetraditio
alfi
a
ciali
ce
tives,wefi
dambitio
a
dperso
alfulfillme
tmotivati
gthosei
themostfavorablecircumsta
ces,a
dthewishtohaveasociallifea
dtogetoutoftheirdomesticisolatio
i
flue
ci
gothersAboveall,forallwome
,worr
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