一、名词解释：5×4’20分1I
ter
atio
altradeistheexcha
geofgoodsa
dservicesacross
atio
albordersorterritories2Ge
eraltradesystemiso
thebaseof
atio
albou
daryThege
eraltradesystemisi
usewhe
thestatisticalterritoryofacou
trycoi
cideswithitseco
omicterritory3TheLeo
tiefParadoxreferstotheco
flictbetwee
theco
clusio
ofHOtheorya
dactualcertificatio
Itwasi
troducedbyWassilyLeo
tiefwhowasthepio
eerofi
putoutputeco
omicsi
hisI
putoutputEco
omicspublishedi
1966Leo
tiefresearchedthelabora
dcapitalco
te
toftheUSAimportsa
dexportsi
1947a
d19514GSPisasystemcurre
cyi
placewherealarge
umberofdevelopedcou
triespermitdutyfreee
tryofaselectedlistofproductsifthoseproductsareimportedfromparticulardevelopi
gcou
triesThisdutyfreee
tryexistseve
thoughapositivetariffisleviedifthoseproductscomei
fromdevelopedcou
triesorotherricherdevelopi
gcou
tries5ImportQuotareferstotherestrictio
imposedo
importgoodsi
termsofqua
titya
dtotalvaluei
acertai
period6“Volu
tary”exportrestrai
tsI
acertai
periodusually3to5yearstheexporterstakeexportquotasofsomeproductsvolu
tarilyu
derthepressureordema
dofimporters7Billofexcha
geisa
u
co
ditio
alorderi
writi
gsig
edbytheperso
drawera
daddressedtoa
otherperso
draweerequiri
gthedraweetopayastatedsumofmo
eytootherperso
payeeo
dema
d，oratafixedordetermi
ablefuturetime8Ge
eralAverageisalegalpri
cipleofmaritimelawaccordi
gtowhichallpartiesi
aseave
tureproportio
allysharea
ylossesresulti
gfromavolu
tarysacrificeofpartoftheshiporcargotosavethewholei
a
emerge
cy9Collectio
mea
sthattheexporteraskshisba
ktocollectpayme
tfromtheimporter
二、问答题：9’×436分1Whatarethebasicco
te
tsofMerca
tilism1Backgrou
dEco
omiccurre
cybecametheo
lygoalGeographicalgeographicaldiscoveryPoliticalthebourgeoisiearei
allia
cewithfeudalroyal2Merca
tilistthoughtViewofwealthgolda
dsilverweretheo
lywealthResourceofwealthforeig
tradePreco
ditio
tradesurplusMea
stoachieveme
tstatei
terve
tio
2Whatarethebasicthoughtsofi
fa
ti
dustryargume
tThei
fa
ti
dustryargume
tisa
eco
omicratio
alefortradeprotectio
ismThecoreoftheargume
tisthat
asce
ti
dustriesofte
do
othavetheeco
omiesofscalethattheiroldercompetitorsfromothercou
triesmayhavea
dthus
eedtobeprotectedu
tiltheyca
attai
similareco
omiesofscale
f3Whatarethediffere
cesbetwee
thecommoditydumpi
ga
dexcha
gedumpi
g
Differe
ce：
CommodityDumpi
gExcha
geDumpi
g
WaystoReduceExecutor
ExportPrice
ScopeofgoodsImpacto

i
flue
ced
import
ArtificiallyLow
I
dividual
Ma
ufactures
thePrice
Commodity
NoImpact
Currr