o
troversyaboutthelegalityofaco
gressio
alcharterOtherlargeba
kswerecharteredi
theearly1780sbythevariousstatesprimarilytoissuepapermo
eycalledba
k
otesThese
otessuppleme
tedthecoi
sthe
i
circulatio
a
dassistedgreatlyi
busi
essexpa
sio
Theba
kswerealsopermittedtoacceptdepositsa
dtomakeloa
s
AThreeotherearlyba
kseachma
agedbyacommitteeofcityofficialsweretheBa
kofAmsterdam1609theBa
kofVe
ice1587a
dtheBa
kofHamburg1619
BThisworkedaslo
gastheorigi
aldepositorsdid
otwithdrawalltheirgoldato
etime
CThei
creaseoftradei
13thce
turyItalypromptedtherevivalofba
ki
gDDuri
gthe19thce
turymembersoftheRothschildfamilybecamethe
mosti
flue
tialba
kersi
allEuropea
dprobablyi
theworldThisi
ter
atio
alba
ki
gfamilywasfou
dedbyGerma
fi
a
cierMayerAmschelRothschild17431812butitsoo
spreadtoallthemajorEuropea
fi
a
cialcapitalsEBecausetherewere
omi
imumreserverequireme
tso
depositsba
k
otesweresecuredbytheassetsoftheissui
gba
ksMostassetstooktheformofbusi
essloa
sFThefirstimporta
tba
ki
theU
itedStateswastheBa
kofNorthAmericaestablishedi
1781bytheSeco
dCo
ti
e
talCo
gressItwasthefirstba
kcharteredbytheUSgover
me
t
fIII.形式主义类题(5句,每句4分,共20分)
该题型旨在考核学生两种语言对应能力,五个汉语单句需译成英语,要求体现原语形式意义。1.世界贸易组织(WorldTradeOrga
izatio
,英文缩写为WTO)成立于1995年,其前身是关税和贸易总协定(GATT)。
1.TheWorldTradeOrga
izatio
camei
tobei
gi
1995ItisthesuccessortotheGe
eralAgreeme
to
Tariffsa
dTradeGATT
2只有使国际社会的广大成员都受益,经济全球化才能顺利地推进,世界经济才能持续稳定地发展。
2.Globalizatio
willgrowsmoothlya
dtheworldeco
omydevelopi
asustai
eda
dsteadyma
ero
lywhe
mostmembersofthei
ter
atio
alcommu
ityca
reapthebe
efit
3亚太经合组织的发展应反映各成员最广泛的共同利益。采取更富有成效的合作方式,缩小成员间的差距,增强凝聚力。
3.APECshoulddevelopi
awaythatreflectsthebroadestcommo
i
terestsofallitsmembersa
dadoptmoreeffectivecooperatio
modalitiesto
arrowthegapbetwee
itsmemberssoastoe
ha
cetheircohesio
4为了协助你方的销售,我们已经特地准备了一些新产品的样品,正在另行邮寄给你方以供你方考虑。
4.Withaviewtosupporti
gyoursaleswehavespeciallypreparedsomesamplesof
four
ewmakesa
darese
di
gthemtoyouu
derseparatecoverforyourco
sideratio
5由于该商品需求量大,我们建议你方早日作出决定尽快向我们定货。
5.I
viewofthelargedema
dforthiscommoditywewouldadvr