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ese1相比之下,一手研究(又称原创研究黄国文;或实证研究文秋芳)不同于二手研究(又称文献研究),它取源于第一手数据,如一组学习语言的学生;而文献研究则取源于第二手资料,如关于语言学习者的书籍。2当我们想探讨某个观点,调查某个问题,解决某个难题,或是寻求某种论证的时候,我们被迫向外界寻求帮助,这时我们的研究就开始了。3研究论文与其他非小说类文学作品如信函,备忘录,报告,散文,科普文章和书籍类似,应当清晰有效地陈述信息和观点。4)即使你的选题是指定的,你或许还需确定探究的具体问题或者运用的研究方法。5)即便你发现某个感兴趣的话题,你完全可能在开始研究之后还在改变选择,修改方案,乃至完全改掉选题。6例如,某个同学最初对莎士比亚诗歌意象感兴趣,后来经过文献阅读和认真思考,可能会选定“《麦克白》的血腥意象”作为研究重心。同样,选题“媒体暴力”也可以缩小为“卡通暴力对学前儿童的影响。”
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