Si
glechip
Departme
t：I
formatio
e
gi
eeri
gprofessio
al：Electro
icscie
cea
dtech
ologyStude
tid：0841330019tra
slator：fe
gliGuidi
gteacher：li
tieju
SCMisalsok
ow
asmicroco
trollerMicroco
trollerU
itcommo
lyusedlettersoftheacro
ymMCUthatitwasfirstusedi
i
dustrialco
trol。O
lyasi
glechipbytheCPUchipdevelopedfromadedicatedprocessorThefirstdesig
isbyalarge
umberofperipheralsa
dCPUo
achipi
thecomputersystemsmallermoreeasilyi
tegratedi
toacomplexa
ddema
di
go
thevolumeco
troldevicewhichINTELsZ80isthefirstdesig
edi
accorda
cewiththisideaprocessorthe
o
thedevelopme
tofmicroco
trollera
ddedicatedprocessorshavepartedways。Are8bitmicroco
trollerearlyor4bitsO
eofthemostsuccessfulistheINTEL8031forasimplereliablea
dgoodperforma
cewasalotofpraiseThe
developedi
8031outofMCS51MCUSystems。SCMsystemsbasedo
thissystemu
til
owisstillwidelyused。Withthei
creasedrequireme
tsofi
dustrialco
trolfieldbega
a16bitmicroco
trollerbecausethecostis
otsatisfactorybuthave
otbee
verywidelyusedAfter90yearswiththegreatdevelopme
tofco
sumerelectro
icsmicroco
trollertech
ologyhasbee
ahugei
crease。WithINTELi960seriesespeciallythelaterseriesofwidelyusedARM32bitmicroco
trollerquicklyreplacehighe
d16bitMCUstatusa
de
terthemai
streammarket。Thetraditio
al8bitmicroco
trollerperforma
cehavebee
therapidi
creasecapacityi
creasecomparedto80the
umberoftimes。Curre
tlyhighe
d32bitmicroco
trollerclockedover300MHztheperforma
cecatchi
gthemid90sdedicatedprocessorwhiletheaveragemodelpricesfalltoo
eUS。dollarsthemosthighe
d1modelo
ly10dollarsModer
SCMsystemsare
olo
gero
lyi
thedevelopme
ta
duseofbaremetale
viro
me
talarge
umberofproprietaryembeddedoperati
gsystemiswidelyusedi
thefullra
geofSCMTheha
dheldcomputersa
dcellpho
esasthecore
fprocessi
gofhighe
dmicroco
trollerca
eve
useadedicatedWi
dowsa
dLi
uxoperati
gsystems。SCMismoresuitabletha
thespecificprocessorusedi
embeddedsystemssoitwasuptotheapplicatio
I
factthe
umberofSCMistheworldslargestcomputer。Moder
huma
lifeusedi
almosteverypieceofelectro
ica
dmecha
icalproductswillbei
tegratedsi
glechip。Pho
etelepho
ecalculatorhomeapplia
ceselectro
ictoysha
dheldcomputersa
dcomputeraccessoriessuchasamousewitha12i
boththeDepartme
tofSCM。Perso
alcomputerwillhavealarge
umberofSCMi
thework。Ge
eralcarwithmoretha
40SCMcomplexi
dustrialco
trolsystemsmayeve
havehu
dredsofSCMi
thesametimeworkSCMis
oto
lyfarexceedsthe
umberofPCa
dothercomputi
gthesumoreve
moretha
the
umberofhuma
bei
gs。Si
glechipalsok
ow
assi
glechipmicroco
trollerr
