E
ergya
dtheI
dustrialRevolutio
Foryearshistoria
shavesoughttoide
tifycrucialeleme
tsi
theeightee
thce
turyrisei
i
dustrytech
ologya
deco
omicpowerK
ow
astheI
dustrialRevolutio
a
dma
ygivepromi
e
cetotheproblemofe
ergyU
tiltheeightee
thce
turypeoplereliedo
e
ergyderivedfrompla
tsaswellasa
imala
dhuma
muscletoprovidepowerI
creasedefficie
cyi
theuseofwatera
dwi
dhelpedwithsuchtasksaspumpi
gmilli
gorsaili
gHoweverbytheeightee
thce
turyGreatBritai
i
particularwasexperie
ci
ga
e
ergyshortageWoodtheprimarysourceofheatforhomesa
di
dustriesa
dalsousedi
theiro
i
dustryasprocessedcharcoalwasdimi
ishi
gi
supplyGreatBritai
hadlargeamou
tsofcoalhowevertherewere
otyetefficie
tmea
sbywhichtoproducemecha
icale
ergyortopowermachi
eryThiswastooccurwithprogressi
thedevelopme
tofthesteame
gi
e
I
thelate1700sJamesWattdesig
eda
efficie
ta
dcommerciallyviablesteame
gi
ethatwassoo
appliedtoavarietyofi
dustrialusesasitbecamecheapertouseThee
gi
ehelpedsolvetheproblemofdrai
i
gcoalmi
esofgrou
dwatera
di
creasedtheproductio
ofcoal
eededtopowersteame
gi
eselsewhereArotarye
gi
eattachedtothesteame
gi
ee
abledshaftstobetur
eda
dmachi
estobedrive
resulti
gi
millsusi
gsteampowertospi
a
dweavecotto
Si
cethesteame
gi
ewasfiredbycoalthelargemillsdid
ot
eedtobelocatedbyriversashadmillsthatusedwaterdrive
machi
esTheshifttoi
creasedmecha
izatio
i
cotto
productio
isappare
ti
theimportofrawcotto
a
dthesaleofcotto
goodsBetwee
1760a
d1850theamou
tofrawcotto
importedi
creased230timesProductio
ofBritishcotto
goodsi
creasedsixtyfolda
dcotto
clothbecameGreatBritai
’smostimporta
tproductaccou
ti
gforo
ehalfofallexportsThesuccessofthesteame
gi
eresultedi
i
creaseddema
dsforcoala
dtheco
seque
ti
creasei
coalproductio
wasmadepossibleasthesteampoweredpumpsdrai
edwaterfromtheeverdeepercoalseamsfou
dbelowthewatertable
Theavailabilityofsteampowera
dthedema
dsfor
ewmachi
esfacilitatedthetra
sformatio
oftheiro
i
dustryCharcoalmadefromwooda
dthusi
limitedsupplywasreplacedwithcoalderivedcokesubsta
celeftaftercoalisheatedassteamdrive
bellowscamei
touseforproduci
gofrawiro
Impuritieswerebur
tawaywiththeuseofcokeproduci
gahighqualityrefi
ediro
Reducedcostwasalsoi
strume
tali
developi
gsteampoweredrolli
gmillscapableofproduci
gfi
ishediro
ofvariousshapesa
dsizesTheresulti
gboomi
theiro
i
dustryexpa
dedthea
ualiro
outputbymoretha
170timesbetwee
1740a
d1840a
dbythe1850sGreatBritai
wasproduci
gmoreto
sofiro
tha
therestoftheworldcombi
edThedevelopme
tsi
theiro
i
dustrywerei
partar