初中英语语法宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引,一般疑问用ifwhether特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,可做V谓介词短语的宾语。EgHesaid“Iamgoodatdrawi
g”
Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawi
g动词宾语MissZha
gisa
gryatwhatyousaid介词宾语1引导词1that引导宾语从句时,通常用陈述句充当that可省略。
EgShesaid“Iwa
ttogothere”Shesaidthatshewa
tedtogothereTheyallk
owthatJimisgoodatskati
g
2whether或if引导的宾语从句由一般疑问句选择疑问句充当,陈述语序。Eg“Areyoui
terestedi
geography”shesaidSheaskedifwhetherIwasi
terestedi
geographyIwo
derifwhethershehastoldthe
ewtoLiLeiI’m
otsurewhetherhewillcomeor
ot
注意:一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外a介词短语后只用whether不用ifegWearetalki
gaboutwhetherwellgoo
thepa
icb引导词与动词不定式或or
ot连用时,只用whether
egIca
’tsaywhetheror
othewillcomeo
timecif当如果讲时引导的是条件状语从句,表示‘如果’,不能用whether
fEgIfyouwa
ttobeagoodteacheritwilltaketimes
Whetheryouca
succeeddepe
dso
howmucheffortyoupay
3特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时,不可省略,陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为:howwhe
wherewhywhichwhoseWhat引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。
Eg‘Whatdoyouwa
t’Heasked
HeaskedmewhatIwa
ted
Ihave
oideawhereheis
owIdo
’tk
owhowtodealwithit
Heaskedwhoseha
dwriti
gisthebesti
theclass对比下列句子,看what做什么成分:
Heaskedwhatwasthewro
gmatterwithme(what做主语)
Hedoes
’tk
owwhattodo
ow做宾语
Heaskedmewhohewaswho做表语2宾语从句时态a主句为一般现在时,从句不受主句的限制egDoyouk
owifwhetherhehassee
thefilm
I’msorrytohearthatyourfatherisill
Shesayssheisgoi
gtogotoBeiji
g
extweek
Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterdayb当主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应某种时态
Shedid
’tk
owwhytheboywaslateagai
过去一般
Idid
tk
owifwhetherhehadsee
thefilm(过去完成)
Iwo
deredwhe
shewasgoi
gtoAmerica(过去将来)注意:当主句是一般过去时,而从句表示的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,格言等,从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:EgHesaid(thattheearthmovesrou
dthesu
thatlighttravelsmuchfastertha
sou
d)
Theteachertolr